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Public Affairs (PA) Courses

Academic Unit: HHH Administration

PA 1005 - Great Debates of Our Time: U.S. Policy and Politics [CIV]

(3 cr; A-F or Audit; offered Every Spring)

Topical political/policy debates with prominent government officials/experts. Constitutional crisis over authority/roles of legislative/executive branches. Visiting lecturers, in-class simulations, readings.

PA 1401 - Public Affairs: Community Organizing Skills for Public Action [CIV]

(3 cr; A-F only; offered Every Fall & Spring)

Public affairs work, roles of citizens in democratic way of life. Community organizing skills, their importance for public affairs. Negotiations among diverse audiences, understanding different interests, mapping power relationships. Relevant public affairs and governance theory.

PA 1490 - Topics in Social Policy (Topics course)

(1 cr [max 3]; Student Option; offered Periodic Fall & Spring; may be repeated for 9 credits; may be repeated 3 times)

Topics in social policy.

PA 1907W - Freshman Seminar: Cultural Diversity [WI] (Topics course)

(1 cr [max 3]; Prereq-freshman; Student Option; offered Every Fall & Spring; may be repeated for 6 credits; may be repeated 3 times)

Reading, discussion, critical analysis, writing. Intensive, small-group setting.

PA 1961W - Personal Leadership in the University [WI]

(3 cr; A-F only; offered Every Fall, Spring & Summer)

Equivalent courses: was LEAD 1961W until 18-JAN-22, was PA 1961 until 18-JAN-00, OLPD 1301W (inactive, starting 17-JAN-12, ending 02-SEP-08, starting 01-DEC-99, was EDPA 1301W until 17-JAN-12, was EDPA 1301 until 05-SEP-00), OLPD 1302 (inactive, was EDPA 1302 until 17-JAN-12), LEAD 1961V (ending 07-SEP-21), LEAD 1961W (ending 05-SEP-17, starting 18-JAN-00, was PA 1961W until 05-SEP-17, was PA 1961 until 18-JAN-00)

Examine personal views of leadership, differences between personal/positional leadership, leadership ethics/values, personal leadership strengths/skills.

PA 1990 - General Topics in Public Policy (Topics course)

(1 cr [max 3]; Student Option; offered Every Spring; may be repeated for 9 credits; may be repeated 3 times)

General topics in public policy.

PA 3001 - Changing the World: Contemporary Public Policy

(3 cr; A-F only; offered Every Spring)

Foundation for understanding the what, who, where, and how of public policy making. These components are explored from different perspectives while delving into questions such as: What is public policy good for? Who decides policy priorities? What effect does public policy actually have in solving public problems? How can we improve public policy making? After successfully completing this course, students will understand the process, structure, and context of policymaking; identify who, how, and what influences the policy process; and apply knowledge of public policy and the policymaking process to a specific policy issue. A strong understanding of the American political system is encouraged.

PA 3002 - Basic Methods of Policy Analysis [SOCS]

(3 cr; A-F or Audit; offered Every Fall)

Introduction to policy analysis. Theoretical foundations/practical methods of analysis. Tools for problem definition, data collection/analysis, presentation techniques, implementation strategies. Multidisciplinary case-study approach.

PA 3003 - Nonprofit and Public Financial Management

(3 cr; Prereq-Jr or sr; A-F or Audit; offered Every Fall & Spring)

Concepts/tools for project/budget planning. Program analysis. Interpreting financial reports. Identifying/resolving organizational performance issues. Case studies, real-world exercises.

PA 3481 - Cedar Riverside: Where The World Meets MN

(2 cr; A-F only; offered Periodic Spring)

The Cedar Riverside Neighborhood; Where the World Meets Minnesota is an immersion course in our Cedar Riverside neighborhood that parallels the immersion experience of study abroad. The course encourages civic engagement and will provide opportunity to learn and work in the Cedar Riverside community while examining questions of leadership, power, cultural diversity and social change. Students will participate in class-based discussion seminars, neighborhood excursions and community work. Throughout the immersion experience, students are challenged to question, think, and respond thoughtfully to current issues facing the Cedar-Riverside community and cultivate leadership skills. Students can expect to gain new frameworks for understanding leadership and civic engagement in a domestic cultural context, deepened skill in identifying complex problems, strategic questioning, reflection and meaning making, as well as consciousness of relationship between self, world and text/theory.

PA 3490 - Topics in Social Policy (Topics course)

(1 cr [max 3]; Student Option; offered Periodic Fall & Spring; may be repeated for 9 credits; may be repeated 3 times)

PA 3852 - Social Entrepreneurship & Diplomacy in Ghana [SOCS GP]

(3 cr; A-F only; offered Every Spring)

This global seminar will take place in Ghana, focusing on visits within the country to the following cities; Accra,Kumasi, Senchi-Ferry, and Elmina/Cape Coast. The course content will focus on social entrepreneurship, diplomacy, and how public policy and social enterprises are helping shape Ghana as one of the most stable emerging countries in West Africa. During the seminar, students will be engaged in lectures that focus on Ghanaian diplomacy, and the evolving role of social entrepreneurship in Ghana. Academic content will focus on meaningful interactions in the form of lectures, panels, site visits, and excursions with speakers from a variety of institutions in Ghana. Speakers will consist of entrepreneurs, policymakers, faculty from a variety of institutions (the University of Ghana Legon, University of Cape Coast, and Ashesi University) and public servants working in Ghana. Cultural excursion locations will align with the location of the academic content, lectures and site visits, which will enable students to develop a deeper understanding of social life and culture in Ghana. Also, the course will examine private and public sectors of higher education, and youth workforce development in Ghana as an impetus for the emergence of social enterprises. Lastly, students will participate in an educational project that investigates youth development and education within rural and urban communities and the role social entrepreneurs are planning on creating innovative solutions for young people to thrive. The course will have some readings that provide students with background information, history or news related to the lectures, site visits, and excursions that will occur during the seminar. Lecture topics include: Conversational Twi (3-day language course) at the University of Ghana Legon; Diplomacy 101 presented by the State Department at the U.S. Embassy in Ghana; traditional governance role in Ghanaian society; educational policy and workforce development in Gh

PA 3961 - Leadership, You, and Your Community

(3 cr; A-F only; offered Every Fall & Spring)

Equivalent courses: was LEAD 3961 until 18-JAN-22, was PA 3961W until 22-JAN-08, OLPD 3302 (inactive, starting 05-SEP-00, was EDPA 3302 until 17-JAN-12, was EDPA 3302W until 22-JAN-08, was EDPA 3302 until 05-SEP-00), LEAD 3961 (starting 21-MAY-01, was PA 3961 until 05-SEP-17, was PA 3961W until 22-JAN-08, was PA 3961 until 05-SEP-00)

How do effective leaders create positive systemic change within complex systems? What is community and how does it shape the work of leadership? Students examine leadership from a multi-dimensional and multicultural perspective and critically examine leadership theories in authentic, complex community settings.

PA 3969 - Survey of Election Administration

(3 cr; Student Option No Audit; offered Every Fall & Spring)

Survey of building blocks of election administration, from voter registration to recounts.

PA 3971 - Leadership Minor: Field Experience

(3 cr; A-F only; offered Every Fall & Spring)

Equivalent courses: was LEAD 3971 until 19-JAN-21, OLPD 3306 (inactive, was EDPA 3402 until 17-JAN-12), LEAD 3971 (ending 05-SEP-17, was PA 3971 until 05-SEP-17)

Students apply and integrate leadership theory in a community experience, think critically about their positional leadership roles, extrapolate the experience to future leadership issues within their specific fields, and work through challenges of positional leadership.

PA 3972 - Elections and the Law

(2 cr; Student Option No Audit; offered Periodic Fall & Spring)

Equivalent courses: PA 5972 (starting 21-JAN-20)

Theories and basic structure of the American legal system. Experience with basic tools and skills for using the law to understand and analyze issues facing election administrators across the nation. Use of election-related and non-election related materials to prepare election administrators for interacting with counsel, legislators and the courts in carrying out their responsibilities.

PA 3973 - Strategic Management of Election Administration

(2 cr; Student Option No Audit; offered Every Fall)

Strategic management for election administrators in the political environment. Election official tools and challenges. The role of the lawmaking process in budgeting and organizational planning.

PA 3975 - Election Design

(2 cr; Student Option No Audit; offered Every Spring)

Election administration design principles, including ballot and polling place design and poll worker training materials. Application of principles of field.

PA 3976 - Voter Participation

(1 cr; Student Option No Audit; offered Periodic Fall & Spring)

Voter participation issues and challenges including historical survey of voter participation in US and methods to increase voter turnout.

PA 3981 - American Institutions in Historical Perspective

(1.5 cr; Prereq-Basic course in U.S. history preferred; Student Option; offered Periodic Spring)

History of churches, fraternal organizations, charities, and institutions more directly related to government.

PA 3982 - Data Analysis for Election Administration

(2 cr; Student Option; offered Periodic Fall & Spring)

Equivalent courses: PA 5982 (starting 17-JAN-17)

Evidence-based election administration. Collection and analysis of quantitative data to solve problems and identify opportunities for improvement. Emphasis on pre-election forecasting for planning purposes and post-election auditing of election results.

PA 3983 - Introduction to Election Security

(1 cr; Student Option No Audit; offered Every Fall)

Equivalent courses: PA 5983

This course will examine the history of cyberattacks on the United States and the American election system, with special attention to the 2016 election cycle. Students will explore the types of cybersecurity threats that exist and strategies to protect against them; understand the roles different levels of government can play in the process, and hear from key officials about the issues raised by the official response to election security threats at the federal, state and local levels as well as in related private sector communities.

PA 3984 - Elections Security: How to Protect America?s Elections

(2 cr; A-F or Audit; offered Every Spring)

?Elections Security? uses the Russian efforts to influence the 2016 election as a case study to identify the vulnerabilities of US elections (especially state voter registration databases) as well as catalogue new protections. Readings and discussion will focus on best practices and technology options available to the public (social media) and elections professionals (cybersecurity) in guarding against future influence efforts and assuring public confidence in election outcomes. Special focus will be given to describing how local election officials can protect their election technology, most notably those vulnerabilities associated with their voting system and voter registration database. ?Elections Security? will draw heavily on concrete cases and challenges facing election professionals, using government and independent reports and an indepth analysis of new resources created by the US Department of Homeland Security and its collaborations with election professionals.

PA 3985 - Physical Election Security

(2 cr; Student Option No Audit; offered Periodic Spring & Summer)

U.S. Homeland Security designated election security as a ?critical infrastructure? after threats from foreign governments, and collaborates with states in detecting and responding to foreign interference. This course will provide students with a deeper understanding of the current security context and best practices and processes for physically safeguarding elections based on 2016 and 2020. Students will learn the difference between physical and cyber threats to U.S. systems; tangible steps to protect election offices and their equipment; the use of audits to ensure the accuracy of elections; the integration of security into vendor relationships; and the connection between physical election security and citizen trust in elections. Content will be explored through readings (including government documents and studies), videos, discussions, and writing assignments.

PA 3990 - General Topics in Public Policy (Topics course)

(1 cr [max 3]; Student Option; offered Every Spring & Summer; may be repeated for 9 credits; may be repeated 3 times)

General topics in public policy.

PA 3991 - Independent Study (independent study)

(1 cr [max 3]; Prereq-instr consent; Student Option; offered Every Fall, Spring & Summer; may be repeated for 12 credits; may be repeated 4 times)

Independent study.

PA 4101 - Nonprofit Management and Governance (Primarily Online)

(3 cr; Student Option; offered Every Fall & Spring)

Managing/governing nonprofit/public organizations. Theories, concepts, real-world examples. Governance systems, strategic management practices, effect of different funding environments, management of multiple constituencies.

PA 4200 - Urban and Regional Planning

(3 cr; Student Option; offered Every Fall & Spring)

Fundamental principles of urban/regional land-use planning. Introduction to planning theory and its applications. Political-economic context of urban/regional planning.

PA 4490 - Topics in Social Policy (Topics course)

(1 cr [max 3]; Student Option; offered Periodic Fall & Spring; may be repeated for 9 credits; may be repeated 3 times)

Equivalent courses: was LEAD 4484 until 16-JAN-24, was LEAD 4490 until 16-JAN-18

Topics in social policy.

PA 4790 - Topics in Science, Technology, and Environmental Policy (Topics course)

(1 cr [max 3]; Student Option; offered Periodic Fall & Spring; may be repeated for 6 credits; may be repeated 2 times)

Selected topics in the field of science, technology, and environmental policy. Topics vary.

PA 4961W - Leadership for Global Citizenship [WI GP]

(3 cr; A-F only; offered Every Fall & Spring)

Equivalent courses: was LEAD 4961W until 19-JAN-21, was PA 4961 until 05-SEP-00, OLPD 4303W (inactive, was EDPA 4303W until 17-JAN-12, was EDPA 4303 until 05-SEP-00), LEAD 4961W (ending 22-JAN-19, was PA 4961W until 05-SEP-17, was PA 4961 until 05-SEP-00)

In this final, writing intensive capstone course, students pull together the threads of leadership theory and practice worked with over the course of the Leadership Minor. In addition, students gain experience working with diverse leaders from around the world, mapping political contexts, and planning their own global leadership path within their specific field.

PA 4971 - Directed Study, Leadership Minor

(1 cr [max 4]; A-F only; offered Every Fall, Spring & Summer; may be repeated for 12 credits; may be repeated 3 times)

Equivalent courses: was LEAD 4971 until 05-SEP-17

Design/carry out study project under direction of leadership minor instructors/faculty. To apply, please create a contract here: https://goo.gl/forms/K8s9ZhrY6Vp5oRGf2 Please note: The UMN's Credit policy can be found here: https://policy.umn.edu/education/studentwork. One credit represents, for the average University undergraduate student, three hours of academic work per week, averaged over the semester, in order to complete the work of the course to achieve an average grade. One credit equals 42 to 45 hours of work over the course of the semester (1 credit x 3 hours of work per week x 14 or 15 weeks in a semester equals 42 to 45 hours of academic work). Students should keep the above policy in mind while determining their project and the amount of credits for enrollment. The amount of enrolled credits also proportionally influences the amount of instructor contact hours/week.

PA 4972 - Directed Research, Leadership Minor

(1 cr [max 4]; Prereq-instr consent; A-F only; offered Every Fall, Spring & Summer; may be repeated for 12 credits; may be repeated 3 times)

Equivalent courses: was LEAD 4972 until 18-JAN-22

Students complete individually arranged research project with Leadership Minor instructor. Contact Leadership Minor office for registration requirements. *Please note - The UMN's Credit policy can be found here: https://policy.umn.edu/education/studentwork. One credit represents, for the average University undergraduate student, three hours of academic work per week, averaged over the semester, in order to complete the work of the course to achieve an average grade. One credit equals 42 to 45 hours of work over the course of the semester (1 credit x 3 hours of work per week x 14 or 15 weeks in a semester equals 42 to 45 hours of academic work). Students should keep the above policy in mind while determining their project and the amount of credits for enrollment. The amount of enrolled credits also proportionally influences the amount of instructor contact hours/week.

PA 4997 - Topics in Public Affairs & Politics (Topics course)

(1 cr [max 3]; Student Option; offered Periodic Fall & Spring; may be repeated for 3 credits)

Topics in public policy, with emphasis on the politics of public affairs. One topic uses the struggles over national security and liberty to explore core aspects of the politics of public affairs - power; institutional development; political communications; and democratic accountability. A rigorous understanding of these political dynamics offers a general approach to policy and public affairs that moves beyond superficial impressions to understanding and engaging in the practical work of public affairs. These tools of analysis are indispensable for making sense of America's constitutional crises as well as other issues. Class sessions are organized around interactive discussions of major Supreme Court decisions, debates in Congress, and other original documents that bring students into direct contact with the competing perspectives of each case, and with penetrating studies of politics.

PA 5002 - Introduction to Policy Analysis

(1.5 cr; A-F or Audit; offered Every Fall & Spring)

Process of public policy analysis from problem structuring to communication of findings. Commonly used analytical methods. Alternative models of analytical problem resolution.

PA 5003 - Introduction to Financial Analysis and Management

(1.5 cr; Prereq-Public policy major/minor or major in development practice, public affairs or liberal studies or grad nonprofit mgmt cert or instr consent; A-F or Audit; offered Every Fall, Spring & Summer)

Finance/accounting concepts/tools in public/nonprofit organizations. Fund accounting. Balance sheet/income statement analysis. Cash flow analysis. Public/nonprofit sector budgeting processes. Lectures, discussions. Cases.

PA 5004 - Introduction to Planning

(3 cr; Prereq-Major/minor in urban/regional planning or instr consent; A-F only; offered Every Fall)

History/institutional development of urban planning as profession. Intellectual foundations, planning theory. Roles of urban planners in U.S./international settings. Scope, legitimacy, limitations of planning/planning process. Issues in planning ethics/settings of diverse populations/stakeholders.

PA 5011 - Dynamics of Public Affairs Organizations

(3 cr; A-F or Audit; offered Every Fall & Spring)

Critical analysis of organizations in the world of public affairs from multiple levels - including the individual, group, organization, and sector - and the dynamics of relationships among them. Develop actionable recommendations to improve organizational effectiveness in the context of multiple (often contested) prosocial purposes and conflicting stakeholder demands. Memo writing, case analyses, simulations, guest speakers, and self-awareness exercises

PA 5012 - The Politics of Public Affairs

(3 cr; A-F or Audit; offered Every Fall & Spring)

Politics is how we make collective decisions about matters of shared consequence. This course examines politics and introduces students to key concepts and skills needed for effective political analysis. The central themes of the course focus on power; institutions and organizations; discourse; and citizenship.

PA 5013 - Law and Urban Land Use

(1.5 cr; Prereq-Major or minor in urban/regional planning or instr consent; A-F only; offered Every Fall)

Role of law in regulating/shaping urban development, land use, environmental quality, local/regional governmental services. Interface between public/private sector.

PA 5021 - Microeconomics for Policy Analysis

(3 cr; A-F or Audit; offered Every Fall)

Introduction to tools useful for public policy. Intermediate microeconomics.

PA 5022 - Applications of Economics for Policy Analysis (Topics course)

(1.5 cr [max 3]; Prereq-5021 or equiv ; A-F or Audit; offered Every Spring; may be repeated for 9 credits; may be repeated 3 times)

Application of economic reasoning to a wide range of contemporary public policy issues. The following topically-focused courses also fulfill the MPP economics requirement: PA 5431: Public Policies on Work and Pay, PA 5503: Economics of Development, PA 5521: Development Planning and Policy Analysis, PA 5722: Economics of Natural Resource and Environmental Policy, and PA 5805: Global Economics.

PA 5023 - Stratification Economics and Public Policy

(2 cr; Student Option No Audit; offered Every Spring)

Stratification economics differs from conventional neoclassical economics and its related offspring of behavioral economics because it does not assume that the nature of inequality arises solely via rational choices made in competitive markets. Rather, it posits structural and historical processes that impede the ability of marginalized groups to gain access to markets. One of the key insights from stratification economics is that conventional policy mechanisms (e.g. deterrence policies in the criminal justice system) don?t work because they fail to take account of the legacy of inequality (e.g. convict lease systems and vagrancy laws). The arguments in favor of reparations, baby bonds, universal health care can be viewed and examined using the methods and techniques of stratification economics. This course introduces students to some new methodologies that complement their training in conventional economic analysis. Topics: ? A review of conventional microeconomic approaches to policy analysis, including the core assumptions and key conclusions ? Summary and critique of the conventional microeconomic approach ? The historical backdrop to the evolution of ?identity economics? and stratification economics for understanding racial disparities ? Core assumptions of stratification economics ? Applications: Housing markets and residential segregation; racial profiling; discrimination in labor markets. ? Policy proposals based on stratification economics ? reparations, baby bonds, universal income and health payments. Advanced undergraduate students may register with permission of the instructor.

PA 5031 - Statistics for Public Affairs

(4 cr; A-F or Audit; offered Every Fall)

Basic statistical tools for empirical analysis of public policy alternatives. Frequency distributions, descriptive statistics, elementary probability/probability distributions, statistical inference. Estimation/hypothesis testing. Cross-tabulation/chi-square distribution. Analysis of variance, correlation. Simple/multiple regression analysis.

PA 5032 - Applied Regression

(2 cr; A-F or Audit; offered Every Spring)

Equivalent courses: PA 5046

Bivariate/multivariate models of regression analysis and assumptions behind them. Problems using these models when such assumptions are not met.

PA 5033 - Multivariate Techniques

(2 cr; Prereq-Students who register for PA 5033 must take PA 5044 and PA 5033 in the same semester. The same grade will be issued for PA 5044 and PA 5033 after PA 5033 is completed.; A-F or Audit; offered Every Spring)

Use of bivariate and multivariate statistical approaches for analyzing and evaluating public affairs issues and the assumptions behind the analytical approaches. Designed to help students read, understand, interpret, use, and evaluate empirical work used in social sciences by policy analysts and policy makers.

PA 5041 - Qualitative Methods for Policy Analysts

(4 cr; A-F only; offered Every Fall & Spring)

Qualitative analysis techniques, examples of application. Meet with researcher. Hands-on experience in designing, gathering, analyzing data.

PA 5042 - Urban and Regional Economics

(2 cr; Prereq-[Major or minor in urban and regional planning, microeconomics course] or instr consent; A-F only; offered Every Spring)

Evaluation of city existence/growth using economics. Economic forces in development of cities. Economic analysis of urban areas/land market. Economic analysis of planning issues in land use, transportation, housing, environment.

PA 5043 - Economic and Demographic Data Analysis

(2 cr; Prereq-Major or minor in urban/regional planning or instr consent; A-F only; offered Every Spring)

Economic/demographic data analysis techniques for planning. Exposure to most important data sources. Conceptual understanding of range of methods/hands-on experience in applying these methods.

PA 5044 - Applied Regression, Accelerated

(2 cr; Prereq-Students who register for PA 5044 must take PA 5044 and PA 5033 in the same semester. The same grade will be issued for PA 5044 and PA 5033 after PA 5033 is completed.; A-F only; offered Every Spring)

Bivariate/multivariate models used in regression analysis, including assumptions behind them/problems that arise when assumptions are not met. Course covers similar topics as PA 5032 but delves deeper into theory/application of methods.

PA 5045 - Statistics for Public Affairs, Accelerated

(4 cr; A-F or Audit; offered Every Fall)

Introduces a range of quantitative tools that are commonly used to inform issues in public affairs. The course provides an introduction to descriptive statistics, probability, and statistical inference, with an emphasis on the ways in which quantitative tools are applied to a diverse range of practical policy questions. PA 5045 is an accelerated treatment of applied statistics for public affairs and serves as a more mathematically and conceptually rigorous alternative to PA 5031.

PA 5046 - Econometrics for Public Policy

(4 cr; A-F only; offered Every Spring)

Equivalent courses: PA 5032 (starting 20-MAY-19)

This course covers basic econometric methods commonly used by policy analysts and social scientists, including bivariate and multivariate regression. Students will become familiar with the application and interpretation of these methods, including the assumptions behind them and the problems that arise when these assumptions are not met. The course also covers more advanced methods such as panel data and fixed effects, instrumental variables, and basic time series analysis and forecasting. It is intended to provide students with the foundation to take more advanced quantitative methods courses. During the course, students will demonstrate their learning by completing a research project of their own design, culminating with a poster presentation at the conclusion of the course. Students will also become familiar with the Stata statistical package.

PA 5051 - Leadership Foundations (Partially Online)

(2 cr; Prereq-Master in Public Affairs student(cohort program) or public affairs leadership certificate student (cohort program). 5051-5052 must be taken in same academic yr; A-F only; offered Every Fall)

Leadership concepts, tools, and strategies in a personal, community, and organizational context for mid-career students.

PA 5052 - Public Affairs Leadership (Partially Online)

(2 cr; Prereq-Master in Public Affairs student(cohort program) or public affairs leadership certificate student (cohort program). 5051-5052 must be taken in same academic yr; A-F only; offered Every Spring)

Continues 5051. Leadership concepts, tools, and strategies in diverse settings for mid-career students.

PA 5053 - Policy Analysis in Public Affairs (Partially Online)

(2 cr; Prereq-Master in Public Affairs student (cohort program) or public affairs leadership certificate student (cohort program). 5053-5054 must be taken in same academic yr; A-F only; offered Every Fall)

Process of public policy and program analysis, including problem formulation, program design, and implementation. Opportunity to draw upon published research and conduct field-based research to understand implementation conditions. Professional communications, including writing of memos, requests for proposals, and implementation briefs, are stressed.

PA 5054 - Program Design and Implementation Analysis (Partially Online)

(2 cr; Prereq-Master in Public Affairs student (cohort program) or public affairs leadership certificate student (cohort program). 5053-5054 must be taken in same academic yr; A-F only; offered Every Spring)

Continues 5053. Process of public policy and program analysis, including problem formulation, program design, and implementation. Opportunity to draw upon published research and conduct field-based research to understand implementation conditions. Professional communications, including writing of memos, requests for proposals, and implementation briefs, are stressed.

PA 5055 - Qualitative Research Methods and Analysis

(2 cr; Prereq-Major in public affairs (cohort) or public affairs certificate (cohort); 5055-5056 must be taken in same academic yr; A-F only; offered Every Fall)

Problem-based learning of analytical reasoning through social science research methods. Systematic review and literature review. Qualitative research including interviews, focus groups, and analysis. Research proposal.

PA 5056 - Quantitative Research Methods and Analysis

(2 cr; Prereq-Master in Public Affairs student (cohort program) or public affairs leadership certificate student (cohort program). 5055-5056 must be taken in same academic yr; A-F only; offered Every Spring)

Problem-based learning to analytical reasoning through social science research methods. Frequency distributions, descriptive statistics, elementary probability, statistical inference. Hypothesis testing. Cross-tabulation, analysis of variance, correlation. Simple regression analysis.

PA 5080 - Capstone Preparation Workshop

(1 cr; S-N only; offered Every Fall & Spring)

Project management, qualitative research, and critical framework to complete Capstone course. Students write draft of client project group norms and client contract.

PA 5081 - Understanding Power and Teamwork in Public Affairs Education

(1 cr; S-N only; offered Every Fall)

Power and teamwork in public affairs education.

PA 5101 - Management and Governance of Nonprofit Organizations

(3 cr; Prereq-Grad student or instr consent; Student Option; offered Every Fall)

Theories, concepts, and real world examples of managerial challenges. Governance systems, strategic management practices, effect of funding environments, management of multiple constituencies. Types of nonprofits using economic/behavioral approaches.

PA 5103 - Leadership and Change

(1.5 cr [max 3]; Student Option; offered Periodic Spring; may be repeated for 3 credits)

Models of change/leadership. How leaders can promote personal, organizational, and societal change. Case studies, action research. Framework for leadership and change.

PA 5104 - Human Resource Management for Public and Nonprofit Organizations

(3 cr; A-F or Audit; offered Every Fall)

Theory/practice of developing, utilizing, and aligning human resources to improve culture/outcomes of nonprofit/public organizations. HR strategy, individual diversity, leadership, selection, training, compensation, classification, performance appraisal, future HR practices.

PA 5105 - Integrative Leadership: Leading Across Sectors to Address Grand Challenges

(3 cr; Student Option No Audit; offered Every Fall)

Equivalent courses: PA 5130 (inactive), OLPD 6402, GCC 5023 (inactive), LAW 6623 (starting 03-SEP-19), MGMT 6402 (starting 19-JAN-10)

Are you interested in working across government, business, and the non-profit sector for public good? Are you wondering how you can create sustainable shared leadership on challenges that can best be addressed together? This course explores multi-sector leadership and related governance and management challenges from a variety of perspectives and provides an opportunity for students to work together to apply what they are learning individually and in teams through in-class exercises and a final team project. The course is taught by a team of interdisciplinary faculty and considers different contexts, forms, and specific examples of multisector leadership that can enable transformative action to tackle a significant societal issue and achieve lasting change. Credit will be not be granted if credit has been received for GCC 5023, OLPD 6402, PUBH 6702, MGMT 6402, PA 5130, LAW 6623.

PA 5108 - Board leadership development

(1 cr; Prereq-Grad student or instr consent; S-N only; offered Every Spring)

Nonprofit board governance. Governance models, roles/responsibilities, ethics/dynamics. Current research/concepts along with students' current board experiences to illuminate challenges/explore solutions that build board leadership competencies.

PA 5113 - State and Local Public Finance

(3 cr; Student Option; offered Every Spring)

Theory/practice of financing. Providing public services at state/local level of government. Emphasizes integrating theory/practice, applying materials to specific policy areas, and documenting wide range of institutional arrangements across/within the 50 states.

PA 5114 - Budget Analysis in Public and Nonprofit Orgs

(1.5 cr; Prereq-PA 5003; Student Option; offered Every Spring; may be repeated for 3 credits)

Equivalent courses: PA 5111 (inactive, starting 21-JAN-14)

Techniques, terminology, concepts and skills for developing and analyzing operating and capital budgets in public and nonprofit organizations. Budget analysis using case studies, problem sets, and spreadsheets. Time value of money, cost-benefit analysis, break-even analysis, sensitivity analysis, and fiscal analysis.

PA 5116 - Financing Public and Nonprofit Organizations

(1.5 cr; Prereq-PA 5003; credit will not be granted if credit already received for: PA 5111; Student Option; offered Every Spring)

Financial resource management for public and nonprofit organizations. Short-term and long-term debt management, retirement financing, and endowment investing. Conceptual frameworks and analytical techniques applied to real-world problems. Financial management in context of national and regional economies.

PA 5122 - Law and Public Affairs

(3 cr; Student Option; offered Every Spring)

Law and public policy in the United States are in a dialogue with each other. This dynamic is reflected in the differing roles of legislatures and courts, as well as the other institutions (for example, executive agencies that adopt regulations) involved in making law and policy. This course aims to give students an understanding of how law and policy interact in the American context using historical materials and examples from other countries to provide a broader perspective on how the interaction works today. Our exploration will necessarily involve the critical role of the United States Constitution and state constitutions in establishing the parameters for both law and policy. We will also examine particular instances of policy and law interactions on topics such as abortion, civil rights, criminal justice, elections, education and speech. Readings will include judicial opinions, legislation examples, policy and legal articles and other materials. Class time will include guest speakers from the disciplines of law, politics and public affairs, discussion in small and large groups and only an occasional short lecture. Grades will be based on written student reflections on the readings, 2-3 short papers exploring how law and policy apply to particular topics, and a longer research paper that examines the interaction of law and policy on a topic important to the student. Instructors have been legal, political and policy practitioners. Some have served in the state legislature.

PA 5123 - Philanthropy in America: History, Practice, and Trends

(1.5 cr [max 3]; Student Option; offered Every Spring; may be repeated for 3 credits)

Theory/practice of philanthropy. Foundation/corporate/ individual giving. History/economic structure/dynamics. Models of philanthropy, components of grant making/seeking. Current debates, career options.

PA 5135 - Managing Conflict: Negotiation

(3 cr; A-F only; offered Every Fall)

This course teaches the theory and the practice of negotiation strategies with an emphasis on applied, personal skill building constructed on a foundation of research and practice in the field. Students will apply their negotiation skills across interpersonal, public dispute, government, and private sector settings. The course focuses on developing students? personal theory of practice for decision-making, effective communication and impactful leadership through practice of distributive bargaining, value creation, consensus building, facilitation, and mediation exercises and discussions.

PA 5136 - Group Process Facilitation for Organizational and Public/Community Engagement

(1 cr; Student Option No Audit; offered Periodic Spring & Summer)

Group process facilitation components, theories, tools, techniques. Facilitator?s role in group goals and processes. Facilitation in public policy. Cross-cultural challenges. Topics may include meeting management, group decision-making, conflict, participatory leadership, and other tools.

PA 5137 - Project Management in the Public Arena

(1.5 cr; Student Option No Audit; offered Every Spring; may be repeated for 3 credits)

Project management and leadership strategies for implementing public policy, including new or revised government programs, public works, and regulations. Use of project management concepts, principles, and tools, including project definition, scoping, planning, scheduling (using the critical path method), budgeting, monitoring, staffing, and managing project teams. Application of "agile" and "extreme" project management in situations of complexity and uncertainty, including those due to the scrutiny and expectations of elected officials, the media, citizens, and other stakeholders.

PA 5144 - Social Entrepreneurship

(3 cr; Prereq-Grad student or instr consent; A-F or Audit; offered Periodic Fall & Spring)

Introduction to field of social entrepreneurship. Prepares current/future managers/leaders to create, develop, lead socially entrepreneurial organizations/initiatives.

PA 5145 - Civic Participation in Public Affairs

(3 cr; A-F only; offered Every Spring)

Critique/learn various approaches to civic participation in defining/addressing public issues. Readings, cases, classroom discussion, facilitating/experiencing engagement techniques. Examine work of practitioner, design engagement process.

PA 5151 - Organizational Perspectives on Global Development & Humanitarian Assistance

(3 cr; A-F only; offered Every Fall)

Organizational analysis of international development and humanitarian assistance, including perspectives from sociology, political science, psychology, public administration, and management. Examines efforts of multiple organizational players, including NGOs, governments, bi-lateral and multi-lateral organizations, corporations, foundations, and international organizations. Critical analysis of aid organizations, especially regarding ways in which they reflect and create power and privilege, the manner in which individuals? needs and desires interact with, support, or challenge the needs of the organization, and how all of this is influenced by forces outside the boundary of the organization. Students practice developing actionable recommendations to improve the effectiveness of international aid organizations in the context of multiple (and often contested) understandings of global development needs and conflicting stakeholder demands. Readings, class discussions, mini-lectures, simulations, case analyses, group projects, oral presentations, memo writing, opinion writing.

PA 5161 - Redesigning Human Services

(3 cr; A-F or Audit; offered Every Fall)

This course provides an in-depth examination of the history and institutions delivering human services in the United States, with an emphasis on how human-centered design can help improve service provision and outcomes. It explores how public, nonprofit, and philanthropic structures create unique operational realities and cultures that must be navigated to lead change across institutional boundaries. It also systematically investigates contributors to disparities in the human services system, particularly race. The use of frameworks such as human-centered design, human services value curve, and an equity lens will help us on this exploration. Course learning materials take students through a design process to highlight strategies for systems change and improvement grounded in outcomes. Design processes are iterative and involve understanding and engaging the people and context in problem solving. Through project-based learning approach, students will understand the various constraints that need to be navigated in design: feasibility, viability, and desirability. Students gain experience using design to help appreciate these constraints and develop strategies for overcoming them.

PA 5162 - Public Service Redesign Workshop

(3 cr; A-F only; offered Every Spring)

Public service delivery innovation and redesign in health and human services fields to improve outcomes. Study and application of theories of organizational development, leadership, and system change. Social system dynamics analysis. Engaging diverse stakeholders. Effects and influence of implicit bias on current and redesigned efforts. Models and tools for public service redesign.

PA 5190 - Topics in Public and Nonprofit Leadership and Management (Topics course)

(1 cr [max 3]; Student Option; offered Periodic Fall & Spring; may be repeated for 9 credits; may be repeated 3 times)

Selected topics.

PA 5201W - American Cities I: Population and Housing [WI]

(4 cr; Student Option; offered Every Fall, Spring & Summer)

Equivalent courses: was GEOG 5371W until 04-SEP-12, was GEOG 5371W until 05-SEP-00, was PA 5201 until 05-SEP-00, was GEOG 5371 until 07-SEP-99

Emergence of North American cities. Residential building cycles, density patterns. Metropolitan housing stocks, supply of housing services. Population/household types. Neighborhood-level patterns of housing use. Housing prices. Intraurban migration. Housing submarkets inside metro areas. Emphasizes linking theory, method, and case studies.

PA 5202W - American Cities II: Land Use, Transportation, and the Urban Economy [WI]

(4 cr; Student Option; offered Every Spring)

Equivalent courses: was GEOG 5372W until 04-SEP-12, was GEOG 5372W until 05-SEP-00, was PA 5202 until 05-SEP-00, was GEOG 5372 until 07-SEP-99

Urban economy, its locational requirements. Central place theory. Transportation, urban land use: patterns/conflicts. Industrial/commercial land blight. Real estate redevelopment. Historic preservation. Emphasizes links between land use, transportation policy, economic development, local fiscal issues. U.S.-Canadian contrasts.

PA 5203W - Geographical Perspectives on Planning [WI IP C/PE]

(4 cr; Student Option; offered Every Fall)

Equivalent courses: was GEOG 5605W until 04-SEP-12, was GEOG 5605W until 21-JAN-03, was GEOG 5605W until 03-SEP-02, was GEOG 5605W until 22-JAN-02, was GEOG 5605W until 04-SEP-01, was GEOG 5605W until 05-SEP-00, was PA 5203 until 05-SEP-00, was GEOG 5605 until 07-SEP-99, GEOG 3605 (ending 04-SEP-12, was GEOG 3605W until 04-SEP-18), GEOG 5605W (inactive, was PA 5203W until 02-SEP-03, was PA 5203W until 21-JAN-03, was PA 5203W until 03-SEP-02, was PA 5203W until 22-JAN-02, was PA 5203W until 04-SEP-01, was PA 5203 until 05-SEP-00, was GEOG 5605 until 07-SEP-99), GEOG 5605V (inactive), GEOG 3605V (inactive)

Role of planning in reshaping 19th-/20th-century cities in Europe, North America, selected Third World countries. History of planning. Societal change, interest groups, power relations in planning process. Citizen participation/practice in planning. Meets with 3605. Includes additional weekly seminar-style meeting, bibliography project on a topic selected in consultation with instructor.

PA 5205 - Statistics for Planning

(4 cr; A-F only; offered Every Fall)

Basic statistical tools for empirical analysis in urban and regional planning, including descriptive statistics, frequency distributions, elementary probability theory, research design and sampling, statistical inference, hypothesis testing, cross-tabulation/chi-square distribution, correlation, and simple/multiple regression analysis.

PA 5206 - The City of White Supremacy

(3 cr; Student Option; offered Every Fall)

The title of this course is meant to signal the objective of scrutinizing how systems of white supremacy have shaped the American city and how the American city functions in ways that reproduce and reinforce white supremacy. The colonization of the Americas coincided with the fabrication of racial identities that set the terms for membership in what became a white supremacist/racial state wherein all things, including spatial thinking and design, conformed to a racial calculus. As Lipsitz (2007: 12) tells us, ?The lived experience of race has a spatial dimension, and the lived experience of space has a racial dimension.? The core of this class will, however, focus on later developments characteristic of the period of rapid urbanization from the Jim Crow era through the New Deal and Civil Rights periods to today. The first section of the course will focus on frameworks for understanding white supremacy generally, and as it relates to urban development specifically. The second section considers specific domains of urban policy and planning using white supremacy as the analytic framework. In these weeks we examine how white supremacy has been expressed across a range of urban development issue areas, including housing, transportation, the urban environment, education, criminal justice, and urban design, and how policies and planning practice have maintained or disrupted systems of white supremacy.

PA 5209 - Urban Planning and Health Equity

(3 cr; Student Option; offered Every Spring)

This interdisciplinary course examines the causes and consequences of place-based health disparities in cities, explores how health disparities can be mitigated and exacerbated by urban planning decisions, and introduces best practices in urban planning for achieving community health equity. The course will involve extensive readings, guest lectures, field-based assignments, data-collection activities, and local community involvement. Twin Cities has one of the largest disparities in health outcomes in the nation and local practitioners are pioneering new urban planning solutions to reduce place-based health disparities. The course will utilize this location advantage and use the region as an immersive learning environment. Students are expected to apply knowledge and skills learned in the class locally in the Twin Cities region. At the end of the course, students will be able to: Understand the historical foundations, current trends and challenges, and international perspectives in connecting urban planning to health equity issues; investigate how various planning sectors and urban environment dimensions, including land use, transportation, open space, housing, food systems, and community social capital, interact to affect health disparities in cities; critically evaluate how existing planning processes and decisions respond to the needs of vulnerable populations and contribute to health equity; and develop skills to engage communities and identifying community-sensitive solutions for reducing place-based health disparities. Fulfills a requirement for graduate Health Equity Minor (http://www.sph.umn.edu/academics/minor/health-equity/).

PA 5211 - Land Use Planning

(3 cr; Prereq-Major or minor in urban/regional planning or instr consent; A-F only; offered Every Fall; may be repeated for 6 credits; may be repeated 2 times)

Physical/spatial basis for land use planning at community/regional level. Role of public sector in guiding private development. Land use regulations, comprehensive planning, growth management, innovative land use planning/policies.

PA 5212 - Managing Urban Growth and Change

(3 cr; Prereq-Grad student or instr consent; Student Option; offered Periodic Fall & Spring)

Theory/practice of planning, promoting, and controlling economic growth/change in urban areas. Economic development tools available to state/local policymakers, historic context of their use in the United States. legal, social, and economic implementation constraints. Interactions among economic, social, and demographic trends.

PA 5213 - Introduction to Site Planning

(3 cr; Prereq-Grad student or instr consent; Student Option; offered Every Spring)

Analyzing/preparing graphic plans for development or redevelopment of property. Site planning issues, process, opportunities, details, and techniques. Hands-on preparation of a site plan. Site visits, lectures, research, presentations, exam, in-class exercises.

PA 5214 - Planning & Design for the Urban Public Realm

(1.5 cr; A-F only; offered Every Fall)

The Great Inversion, or what former Minneapolis Mayor RT Rybak called ?the flight to the city,? has been ongoing for two decades, and to preserve and enhance the quality of life in our cities, we must continue to invest in our urban public realm. Cities must maintain and improve older parks, plazas and streets, but they must also provide new public spaces in developing areas that never had them before - waterfronts, industrial sites, rail yards, and acres of surface parking. Perhaps most important yet easily overlooked is the re-envisioning of the public right-of-way ? the street ? as a place that accommodates not just cars but multiple transportation modes including buses, rail, bicycles, and scooters and other forms of personal transport, all integrated into an accessible, pedestrian-friendly, safe, and green environment. The greening of city streets is critical for the creation of lush and livable places while also producing social, economic, and environmental benefits. Since the start of the Covid 19 pandemic in March 2020, our collective experience of the urban public realm and its meaning and value to us have changed dramatically. Our use of public places has increased as parkways once dominated by cars were closed off and filled with pedestrians, cyclists, skateboarders, roller skaters, roller skiers, and people on all other sorts of wheeled conveyances. Park spaces that were once often largely empty filled with people getting exercise, enjoying nature, visiting playgrounds, meeting friends, social-distance dating, taking walking happy hours, having picnics, playing spike ball, hula-hooping, and in the case of the homeless, camping out to avoid the dangers of shelters, to socially distance themselves, and in some cases, both. Following the May 2020 death of George Floyd in police custody, our experience of the public realm changed again to include protests, marches, riots, property damage, the creation of new public art, the erection of new monuments,

PA 5221 - Private Sector Development

(3 cr; Student Option No Audit; offered Every Spring)

Roles of various participants in land development. Investment objectives, effects of regulation. Overview of development process from private/public perspective.

PA 5231 - Transit Planning and Management

(3 cr; Prereq-Grad student or instr consent; Student Option; offered Fall Even Year)

Equivalent courses: CEGE 5213 (starting 08-SEP-15, was CE 5213 until 08-SEP-15)

Principles/techniques related to implementing transit systems. Historical perspective, characteristics of travel demand, demand management. Evaluating/benchmarking system performance. Transit-oriented development. Analyzing alternative transit modes. System design/finance. Case studies, field projects.

PA 5232 - Transportation Policy, Planning, and Deployment

(3 cr; Student Option; offered Periodic Fall & Spring)

Equivalent courses: CEGE 5212 (starting 02-SEP-08, was CE 5212 until 08-SEP-15)

Development of transportation policy, making of transportation plans, deployment of transportation technologies. Lectures, interactive case studies, role playing.

PA 5233 - Sustainable Transportation

(3 cr; A-F or Audit; offered Fall Odd Year)

This course emphasizes the theories and practices associated with a sustainable transportation system, especially pedestrian and bicycle transportation. It covers key concepts of sustainable transportation, climate mitigation and adaptation, and planning for pedestrian and bicycle transportation. The specific topics regarding pedestrian and bicycle transportation include benefits and advocacy, data collection and performance measures, demand forecasting, behavior and its connection with neighborhood design and zoning, safety, planning, design principles of facilities, equity, and innovations.

PA 5234 - Urban Transportation Planning and Policy

(3 cr; A-F or Audit; offered Every Spring)

Equivalent courses: PA 8202 (inactive, starting 08-SEP-15), CEGE 8202 (inactive, was CE 8202 until 08-SEP-15)

This course will integrate key theories and practices, traditional and emerging policy instruments, and techniques for urban and transportation planning. The goal is to introduce students to essential concepts, influential thinkers, and important debates associated with the land use-transportation connection as a foundation for both professional and academic work. By the end of the course, students will be able to comprehend urban transportation planning process and demand forecasting; the theories and empirical evidence on land use and transportation interactions; land use and transportation policy instruments and their effectiveness; and land use and transportation planning in developing countries.

PA 5242 - Environmental Planning, Policy, and Decision Making

(3 cr; Prereq-Grad or instr consent; Student Option; offered Every Fall)

Theory and practice. Ethical, legal, and institutional frameworks relative to a range of environmental issues. Innovative environmental decision making informed by collaboration, conflict resolution, adaptive management, and resilience thinking.

PA 5243 - Environmental Justice in Urban Planning & Public Policy

(3 cr; A-F or Audit; offered Every Fall)

Environmental racism can be defined as policies and practices that result in communities of Black, Indigenous and other people of color (BIPoC communities) being overexposed to environmental harms and being denied access to environmental goods. The environmental justice (EJ) movement in the United States was birthed in the 1980s with the aim of ending environmental racism. Early EJ activism was led by Black rural communities protesting the disproportionate presence of toxic waste facilities in their neighborhoods and Latinx migrant farmworkers who were overexposed to harmful pesticides. Central to the course is the understanding that structural racism, in the form of social, political, and economic forces, has denied BIPoC individuals and communities their rights to live in clean environments and access natural resources that allow communities to build and maintain their physical, mental, emotion, and fiscal health. Although the course focuses on race and racism, it takes as axiomatic that racism is intertwined with other systems of oppression including, but not limited to, sexism, classism, ableism, homophobia, and transphobia. The course begins by tracing the history of the EJ movement and unpacking the terms ?racism? and ?justice.? The main body of the course will focus on a series of issues that EJ scholars and activists address including pollution, greening, transportation, disasters, and climate change. The course ends with discussions and reflections on our roles, responsibilities and possibilities as public policy and planning scholars, researchers and practitioners to work towards ending environmental racism and achieving EJ for all. The required ?readings? for the course will include academic journal articles, news stories, governmental policies, podcasts, videos, poetry, and short stories. This will allow us to understand the theoretical and methodological approaches to EJ activism and research and explore popular and creative forms of knowledge abo

PA 5251 - Strategic Planning and Management

(3 cr; Student Option No Audit; offered Periodic Fall)

Theory and practice of strategic planning and management for public and nonprofit organizations and networks. Strategic planning process, management systems; stakeholder analyses. Tools and techniques such as purpose expansions, SWOT analyses, oval mapping, portfolio analyses, and logic models.

PA 5261 - Housing Policy

(3 cr; Prereq-Grad or instr consent; A-F or Audit; offered Every Spring)

Equivalent courses: HSG 5463 (starting 18-JAN-05, was DHA 5463 until 07-SEP-10, was PA 5261 until 06-SEP-05, was DHA 5463 until 18-JAN-05, was PA 5261 until 18-JAN-05, was DHA 5463 until 07-SEP-99)

Institutional/environmental setting for housing policy in the United States. Competing views of solving housing problems through public intervention in the market. Federal/local public sector responses to housing problems.

PA 5262 - Neighborhood Revitalization Theories and Strategies

(3 cr; Student Option No Audit; offered Every Fall)

Policymaking/politics of planning in housing, community development, social policy. Connecting policy to local/regional politics. Role of institutional decision-making structures on policy outcomes. Importance of citizens, social movements, interest groups in policymaking process.

PA 5263 - Financing Affordable Multi-Family Rental Hsg in US

(3 cr; Student Option No Audit; offered Every Spring)

Financing affordable multifamily housing in the United States is a complicated endeavor that requires more than just a command of financial principles and analysis but also an appreciation for the nuances and fluidity of policy, public-private-partnership, and public discourse. This course will demystify the financial drivers and consequences in our affordable housing delivery system. It will simultaneously build participants? confidence in basic financial modeling of affordable housing using the most common capital structures, while also exploring the relationship of finance with policy and regulation, real estate and urban planning objectives, design, and program limitations. Participants in this course will emerge with: - An understanding of the roles, risk sharing and influence of public and private actors in the financing and provision of affordable housing. - A practical familiarity with the major financing programs and policies that drive investment in this sector. - Experience in financial modeling specific to multifamily affordable housing which will prepare them for work in the industry, regardless of role.

PA 5271 - Geographic Information Systems: Applications in Planning and Policy Analysis

(3 cr; Prereq-Major in urban/regional planning or instr consent; Student Option; offered Every Fall & Spring)

Introduction to GIS. Applications in public planning and policy analysis. Operational skills in GIS software. Mapping analysis of U.S. Census material. Local/state government management/planning. Spatial statistical analysis for policy/planning.

PA 5281 - Immigrants, Urban Planning and Policymaking in the U.S.

(3 cr; A-F or Audit; offered Spring Odd Year)

This course examines the impact of contemporary immigration in the U.S. on urban planning and public affairs. Through a review of canonical scholarship and contemporary research, it engages several issues including migration theory, an exploration of immigrant settlement patterns, labor market outcomes for immigrants, and community development in immigrant communities. The course concludes with a focus on how urban planners and public policy makers can work more effectively with immigrants in the U.S.

PA 5290 - Topics in Planning (Topics course)

(.5 cr [max 4]; Student Option; offered Periodic Fall & Spring; may be repeated for 12 credits; may be repeated 3 times)

Selected topics.

PA 5301 - Population Methods & Issues for the United States & Global South

(3 cr; Prereq-Grad student or instr consent; Student Option; offered Every Fall)

Equivalent courses: SOC 5511 (inactive), SOC 3511 (ending 03-SEP-13, starting 22-JAN-13)

Basic demographic measures/methodology. Demographic transition, mortality, fertility. Perspectives on nonmarital fertility, marriage, divorce, cohabitation. Cultural differences in family structure, aging, migration, refugee movements, population policies. Discussion of readings.

PA 5311 - Program Evaluation

(3 cr; A-F only; offered Periodic Fall & Spring)

This course covers the core principals, methods, and implementation of evaluation research. Students will learn through an applied partnership with a nonprofit or state/local government clients. The course is designed for both students interested in a potential career in evaluation and those that want to be better consumers of research. Past programmatic/policy areas included health and human services, education, environment science, economic development, transportation, and evidence-based policymaking.

PA 5312 - Cost-Benefit Analysis for Program Evaluation

(2 cr; Student Option No Audit; offered Periodic Fall & Spring)

This class introduces students to cost-benefit analysis, the leading evidenced-based method for determining whether a government program or policy improves the well-being of society. Starting with the foundations of welfare economics, students learn how to monetize important benefits and costs associated with government activities. Topics include discounting future benefits and costs, the roles of standing and risk, ways of valuing human lives and other benefits that may be hard to value in dollar terms. Students will acquire skills needed to perform relevant calculations needed for the economic assessment of benefits relative to costs and the ability to critique the use of these methods regarding how they may advantage or disadvantage some members of society or particular types of policies. Policy areas include preventive interventions in social, health and education as well as applications in transportation and environmental policy. Prerequisite: PA 5021 or other prior course in microeconomics.

PA 5390 - Topics in Advanced Policy Analysis Methods (Topics course)

(1 cr [max 4]; Student Option; offered Periodic Fall & Spring; may be repeated for 9 credits; may be repeated 3 times)

Topics in advanced policy analysis methods.

PA 5401 - Poverty, Inequality, and Public Policy

(3 cr; Prereq-Grad or instr consent; Student Option; offered Every Fall)

Nature/extent of poverty/inequality in the United States, causes/consequences, impact of government programs/policies. Extent/causes of poverty/inequality in other developed/developing countries.

PA 5405 - Public Policy Implementation

(3 cr; A-F or Audit; offered Periodic Fall & Spring)

Theory, tools, and practice of the implementation of public policy, particularly in areas involving public, private, and nonprofit organizations. Analytical approach focuses on multiple levels in policy fields to pinpoint and assess implementation challenges and levers for improvement.

PA 5411 - Child Welfare Policy

(3 cr; Student Option)

Equivalent courses: was SW 5107 until 04-SEP-12

Intersection of conceptual orientations of developmental psychology with policies that affect children/families. Demographic, historical, social trends that underlie assumptions driving policies directed at women/children. Projections of future policies.

PA 5413 - Early Childhood and Public Policy

(1.5 cr [max 3]; Prereq-Grad or instr consent; Student Option; offered Fall Odd Year; may be repeated for 3 credits)

State/federal/int'l policies/legislation touching first 5 years of child's life. Family, community, institutional roles in promoting children's social/cognitive/emotional development. Health, mental health, poverty, special needs, economic/social justice. Part of Early Childhood Pol cert.

PA 5415 - Effective Policies for Children in the First Decade

(1.5 cr [max 3]; Student Option No Audit; offered Periodic Spring; may be repeated for 6 credits)

Policies to improve the wellbeing of children through the first decade of life are examined using examples from economics and other disciplines. The course focuses on the role of government in helping to promote early childhood development. Readings and projects focus on policies or programs that affect child outcomes from the prenatal period to third grade. Students will become familiar with the importance of rigorous impact evaluations and the use of cost-effectiveness and cost-benefit analysis as a tool for efficient resource allocation. Some familiarity with regression analysis would be helpful.

PA 5416 - Economics of U.S. Social Insurance Programs

(3 cr; A-F only; offered Every Spring)

This class will introduce you to the Economics of Social Insurance Programs. It begins by introducing a framework to evaluate the efficiency and equity of social insurance programs, drawing on theory from the economics of insurance programs and behavioral economics. It then applies this framework to social insurance programs such as workers? compensation, unemployment insurance, health insurance, social security, TANF and Supplemental Nutritional Assistance, and the Earned Income Tax Credit. Prerequisite: PA 5021 or other prior course in microeconomics.

PA 5421 - Racial Inequality and Public Policy

(3 cr; Prereq-Grad or instr consent; Student Option No Audit; offered Periodic Fall & Spring)

Historical roots of racial inequality in American society. Contemporary economic consequences. Public policy responses to racial inequality. Emphasizes thinking/analysis that is critical of strategies offered for reducing racism and racial economic inequality.

PA 5422 - Diversity and Public Policy

(3 cr; A-F only; offered Periodic Fall & Spring)

What is diversity? What role does it play in public policy? What role should it play? Whom does diversity include or exclude? In this highly participatory class, we will apply a policy analysis lens to explore how diversity interacts with, contributes to, and is impacted by policy. The interdisciplinary course readings draw from topics such as gender identity, intersectionality, socio-economic class, race and ethnicity, indigenous ways of knowing, sexual orientation, and disability. Students examine the evolution of difference and diversity, explore various domains of diversity (gender, race, ethnicity, sexuality, disability, class), and synthesize and apply this knowledge to the development of a policy brief that focuses on a particular policy or organizational problem.

PA 5426 - Community-Engaged Research and Policy with Marginalized Groups

(3 cr; Student Option; offered Every Spring)

Marginalized populations tend to be viewed as objects of social policy, passive victims, or a cause of social problems. Processes of marginalization we will explore in this class include: structural racism, colonization, economic exclusion and exploitation, gender bias, and more. Policy and research are typically driven by mainstream/dominant society members with little direct knowledge about the real lives of people on the margins. This can lead to misguided actions, misunderstandings, paternalism, unintended negative consequences, and further marginalization and/or stigmatization. In this course, we will learn about community-engaged research methodologies such as participatory action research (PAR) and community-based participatory research (CPBR). We will use case studies to explore the challenges, rewards, and ethical implications of these community-engaged approaches to research and policy-making. Possible topics include, but are not limited to, sex trafficking, housing, and youth work. Instructors and students in the course will work together on a real-world research and policy challenge so that students contribute to ongoing work in the field in real-time.

PA 5431 - Public Policies on Work and Pay

(3 cr; Prereq-[[PA 5031 or equiv], grad student] or instr consent; Student Option; offered Every Fall)

Equivalent courses: HRIR 5655 (starting 02-SEP-08, was HRIR 5061 until 02-SEP-14)

Public policies affecting employment, hours of work, and institutions in labor markets. Public programs impacting wages, unemployment, training, collective bargaining, job security, and workplace governance. Policy implications of the changing nature of work.

PA 5442 - Education Law and Policy

(3 cr; Student Option No Audit; offered Periodic Fall)

Equivalent courses: LAW 6233 (starting 06-SEP-16)

The nation's schools have become a conflict zone where our polarized views and values are clashing. There are new arguments over curriculum, books in school libraries, and support for transgender students, as well as continuing struggles over racial segregation, disparities in learning, the quality of education, and how to pay for it. This course will explore these challenges from the perspectives of law and public policy, recognizing that decisions of institutions in both sectors contribute to the design of America's system of public preK-12 education. Justice, equity, diversity, and inclusion are central to nearly all the topics we will discuss. We will explore the process of education law and policy change, including school integration, the inclusion of students with disabilities, accountability, and calls for education reform. We will also consider the existing empirical evidence informing the debates on policy alternatives. Discussions and readings about a diverse range of cultures and countries will help us think about education law and policy in a broader context. Course readings will include judicial decisions, statutes, policy analyses, law reviews, empirical research articles, and journalistic accounts of education and human development issues. Classes will consist of active student discussion of legal and policy design issues, presentations by guest speakers who are active practitioners and advocates in education law and policy, and presentations of group research projects.

PA 5480 - Topics in Race, Ethnicity, and Public Policy (Topics course)

(1 cr [max 3]; Prereq-Jr or sr or grad student or instr consent; Student Option; offered Periodic Fall & Spring; may be repeated for 9 credits; may be repeated 3 times)

Link between race/ethnicity and public policy. How to identify/measure racial/ethnic disparities and their historical/cultural origins and policy impacts and to craft politically feasible remedies. Topics may include criminal justice, housing, child welfare, and education.

PA 5490 - Topics in Social Policy (Topics course)

(1 cr [max 4]; Student Option; offered Periodic Fall & Spring; may be repeated for 12 credits; may be repeated 3 times)

Selected topics.

PA 5501 - Theories and Policies of Development

(3 cr; Prereq-Grad student or instr consent; Student Option; offered Every Fall)

What makes some countries wealthier than others, one group of people healthier and more educated than another? How does the behavior of rich nations affect poor nations? Origins of development thought, contemporary frameworks and policy debates. Economic, human, and sustainable development.

PA 5503 - Economics of Development

(3 cr; Prereq-PA 5501 or concurrent registration is required (or allowed) in PA 5501; A-F or Audit; offered Every Fall)

Economic growth, inequality, poverty, rural/urban labor markets, risk/insurance. Investments in human capital, credit markets, gender/household economics, governance/institutional issues. Microfinance, conditional cash transfers, labor/education policies.

PA 5504 - Transforming Development

(3 cr; Student Option; offered Every Spring)

Emerging infectious diseases such as COVID-19, antimicrobial resistance, climate change, loss of species, and habitats are driven by our dominant definition of development and pose existential challenges to humankind. COVID-19 has laid bare the ethnic, racial, class, and gender inequalities in the ways societies across the globe lead material life (economy). Current social and environmental challenges are global and local in scale and challenge us to consider poverty alleviation not as an international issue and only of concern for low resourced communities and developing countries, but one in need of attention in every country in the world, including peoples in the wealthy West. This course examines the emerging pluriverse paradigm and some of the models intending to transform development: nature rights movement, community economy, solidarity movement, degrowth, transition design, and ontologies and epistemologies of First Nations in North and South America. We will contrast these development models to sustainable development goals and the green growth approach.

PA 5511 - Planning for Equitable Economies

(3 cr; Prereq-Grad or instr consent; Student Option; offered Fall Odd Year)

How do we make our local economies work well for more people in a community, inclusive of the needs of workers, families, and youth that are most at risk of being left behind. This course provides an overview of a range of community economic development tools and strategies, as well as emergent and established debates around their use and implementation. Students will learn to think critically about the merits and limits of specific strategies, from industrial recruitment and business investment incentives to innovation districts and small business and entrepreneurial assistance. We will also explore the conditions that enable certain cities, regions, and communities to implement these strategies in more equitable and environmentally sensitive ways.

PA 5512 - Planning for Jobs

(3 cr; Prereq-Grad or instructor consent; A-F or Audit; offered Fall Even Year)

This seminar explores the changing nature of the American job and the transformative forces?from corporate power and labor union decline to the rise of the `gig? economy and even climate change?that have influenced this shift in recent decades and have added to growing economic insecurity. We will consider local and regional strategies for helping today?s workers withstand changing economic and environmental pressures, including: shoring up labor laws and wage protections; coordinating economic and workforce development initiatives; advancing forms of labor and community organizing that promote economic and environmental justice; using novel employer engagement tools to promote strong, safe, and opportunity-rich workplaces. This seminar will not only help you think through the policy and planning implications of U.S. labor market restructuring, but also consider how the forces behind this restructuring potentially affect your own career prospects.

PA 5521 - Development Planning and Policy Analysis

(4 cr; Prereq-5031 or equiv recommended or instr consent; Student Option; offered Every Spring)

Techniques of development planning/policy analysis at national, regional, and project levels. Effects of external shocks and government interventions on national/regional economies. Macroeconomic modeling, input-output analysis, social accounting matrices/multipliers, project evaluation.

PA 5522 - International Development Policy, Families, and Health

(3 cr; Prereq-Grad student or instr consent; Student Option; offered Periodic Fall)

Implications of paid/unpaid labor for development policy, using household as prism. Legal/cultural use of property rights. Financial effects of ill health. Caregiving. Work-family conflict, policies that alleviate it. Role of gender. Qualitativequantitative methods. Readings, lectures, discussions.

PA 5531 - Global Sustainable Development in Practice

(3 cr; Student Option; offered Periodic Fall & Spring)

Introduction to the concept of global sustainable development, with a particular focus on the systems and institutions supporting and implementing development and the challenges associated with achieving positive development outcomes. The class will cover the Sustainable Development Goals and other key development indicators; explore theoretical concepts underpinning development practice including political economy and political ecology; provide critical insight into the institutions engaging in sustainable development including governments, NGOs, and international financial institutions; and consider ethical issues associated with working in the field of sustainable development.

PA 5561 - Gender and International Development

(3 cr; Prereq-Grad or instr consent; Student Option; offered Periodic Spring)

Women and men are affected differently by development and participate differently in policy formulation and implementation. Gender-sensitive perspective. Historical, political context. Global South. Policy, practice, and experience (theory and measurement; international, national, local stakeholders; effects of policy and practice on development).

PA 5590 - Topics in Economic and Community Development (Topics course)

(1 cr [max 3]; Student Option; offered Periodic Fall & Spring; may be repeated for 9 credits; may be repeated 3 times)

Selected topics.

PA 5601 - Global Survey of Gender and Public Policy

(3 cr; Student Option; offered Periodic Fall)

Introduction to the key concepts and tools necessary for gender policy analysis. Survey of the major findings in the field of gender and public policy in policy areas such as poverty alleviation, health, international security, environment and work-family reconciliation. Scope includes local, national, and global policy arenas as well as exploration of gender and the politics of policy formulation.

PA 5622 - GAINS: Gender and Intersectional Network Series, Leadership Workshop I

(.5 cr [max 1]; S-N only; offered Fall Odd Year; may be repeated for 1 credits)

GAINS: Gender and Intersectional Network Series, Leadership Workshop prepares students with the skills to lead effectively and challenge institutional norms and practices that perpetuate disparities based on gender, race and other structural inequalities. Women, racially marginalized individuals, and LGBTI-identified individuals are still disproportionately underrepresented in leadership roles in public, private, and nonprofit institutions in spite of high rates of educational attainment and equal opportunity legislation. Women of color and indigenous women face even greater obstacles to advancement compared to white women. Barriers to diverse leadership today stem less from overt discrimination and more from "second generation" forms of bias?often invisible but still powerful cultural beliefs as well as workplace structures and practices. Achieving leadership parity thus entails individual, collective and institutional change. Course pedagogy includes case studies, group discussions, self-reflection and simulations that have been proven to have a lasting impact on individual leaders in developing their own leadership capacity. Guest speakers offer potential role models and share their leadership perspectives. The workshop and two-semester format of the course allows students to benefit from a cohort model of learning and develop their own network of practice. Moreover, GAINS focuses not just on individual leadership development, but also organizational and systems level change. Students of all genders interested in addressing personal and institutional barriers to advancement that are rooted in gender inequalities and their intersections with race and other forms of inequality are welcome to enroll. To get the most out of the network and cohort development aspects of this course, students are encouraged to participate for two semesters.

PA 5623 - GAINS: Gender and Intersectional Network Series, Leadership Workshop II

(.5 cr [max 1]; S-N only; offered Spring Odd Year; may be repeated for 1 credits)

GAINS: Gender and Intersectional Network Series, Leadership Workshop prepares students with the skills to lead effectively and challenge institutional norms and practices that perpetuate disparities based on gender, race and other structural inequalities. Women, racially marginalized individuals, and LGBTI-identified individuals are still disproportionately underrepresented in leadership roles in public, private, and nonprofit institutions in spite of high rates of educational attainment and equal opportunity legislation. Women of color and indigenous women face even greater obstacles to advancement compared to white women. Barriers to diverse leadership today stem less from overt discrimination and more from ?second generation? forms of bias ? often invisible but still powerful cultural beliefs as well as workplace structures and practices. Achieving leadership parity thus entails individual, collective and institutional change. Course pedagogy includes case studies, group discussions, self-reflection and simulations that have been proven to have a lasting impact on individual leaders in developing their own leadership capacity. Guest speakers offer potential role models and share their leadership perspectives. The workshop and two-semester format of the course allows students to benefit from a cohort model of learning and develop their own network of practice. Moreover, GAINS focuses not just on individual leadership development, but also organizational and systems level change. Students of all genders interested in addressing personal and institutional barriers to advancement that are rooted in gender inequalities and their intersections with race and other forms of inequality are welcome to enroll. To get the most out of the network and cohort development aspects of this course, students are encouraged to participate for two semesters.

PA 5631 - LGBTQ Politics & Policy

(1.5 cr; A-F only; offered Every Spring)

The advancement of LGBTQ rights in the United States has experienced unprecedented success over the last twenty years, shifting both public attitude towards and legal protection for LGBTQ Americans. This course will provide an in-depth analysis of current LGBTQ policy achievements in the United States, including the recognition of marriage equality in all 50 states, the repeal of Don?t Ask, Don?t Tell, increased anti-discrimination protections, and rights for people who are transgender or gender non-conforming. Emphasis will be placed on how these victories were achieved, including background on the strategies and tactics used to generate policy results. We will also take a critical look at such milestones and examine what they mean for the entire LGBTQ population, including queer people of color, transgender and gender nonconforming individuals, the disabled, and economically disadvantaged. Intersectionality will be a key aspect of the course, in particular, analysis on how the differential effects of policy among segments of the population that may not experience the benefits of policy passage as quickly or as broadly. Incorporated into this analysis will be readings from queer liberation scholars to help us evaluate the pros and cons of existing LGBTQ policy gains. The course will explore what full equality might look like for LGBTQ people in the United States with an examination of what can and cannot be achieved through policy. Practical application on how policy is made will be intertwined throughout the course. Topics to be covered include the meaning and measurement of LGBTQ identity; estimates of those who identify as LGBTQ; the measurement of Americans? attitudes on LGBTQ issues and how these attitudes have changed over the past few decades; assessment of changes in law and policies at the national, state and local levels; and the implications of these changes for the lived experience of LGBTQ people and their families, including health, well-being, st

PA 5662 - Gender & Social Policy in Europe & the Americas

(3 cr; A-F or Audit; offered Spring Even Year)

The variety of approaches to social welfare policies around the globe ? from pensions to poverty relief to parental leave ? offer many lessons not only for how to address basic needs, but also for building more gender- and race- equitable societies. This course provides conceptual and historical grounding for understanding the origins and impacts of social welfare policies, and how these policies serve as crucial arbiters of gender, race and class relations. The course compares historical and contemporary social policy regimes and their impacts on individuals and societies in Europe and the Americas. The course centers on four questions: 1) How are social policies ?gendered?, ?raced? and ?classed?? The course readings and discussions consider multiple feminist perspectives and approaches which show how social policies are based on specific assumptions about gender and its intersections with race, class, and immigrant status, and in turn create or reinforce a particular social order. 2) Why do social policies in different countries look so different? The course traces the historical development of specific social welfare regimes with attention to interactions between states, political parties, unions, firms, and social movements. Understanding the historical political determinants of current policies can provide clues to appropriate strategies for change. 3) What lessons can we glean from other countries to promote equity across gender and other forms of inequality? The course dives into research that measures the impact of specific social policies on equity and considers the appropriateness and transferability of policy ideas across borders. 4) What are the contemporary challenges to social welfare systems and their ability to promote gender equity? The course considers a variety of such challenges such as stagnating birth rates that threaten the economic solvency of social policy systems; the pressures of refugees and mass migration; and how the global COVID-19 pa

PA 5683 - Gender, Race and Political Representation

(3 cr; A-F only; offered Spring Even Year)

Explores intersection of gender, race and political issues to identify best practices for strengthening roles of under-represented groups in governance. Individual, structural and institutional factors attributed to increasing the election and appointment of under-represented groups. Theories of citizen representation. Global approach with cross-national evidence and comparative country studies.

PA 5690 - Topics in Women, Gender and Public Policy (Topics course)

(.5 cr [max 3]; Prereq-Grad student or instr consent; Student Option; offered Periodic Fall & Spring; may be repeated for 9 credits; may be repeated 3 times)

Selected topics.

PA 5711 - Science, Technology & Environmental Policy

(3 cr; Student Option; offered Every Fall)

Interplay of science, technology, the environment, and society. Approaches from across the social sciences will cover how science and technology can create new environmental pressures as well as policy challenges in a range of spheres from climate change to systems of intellectual property and international development.

PA 5715 - Deliberating Science, Technology, and Environmental Policy (Topics course)

(1.5 cr; A-F only; offered Periodic Fall & Spring; may be repeated for 6 credits; may be repeated 4 times)

Exploration of the conceptual and ethical dimensions of science, technology, and environmental policy. Discussion-based course with rotating topics.

PA 5721 - Energy Systems and Policy

(3 cr; Student Option; offered Every Fall)

Impact of energy production/consumption choices on environmental quality, sustainable development, and other economic/social goals. Emphasizes public policy choices for energy/environment, linkages between them.

PA 5722 - Economics of Environmental Policy

(3 cr; Student Option; offered Every Fall)

Introduction to economic principles and methods as they apply to environmental issues such as climate change, biodiversity conservation, and water quality. Course will cover benefit-cost analysis, methods of environmental valuation, as well as critiques of market-based solutions to environmental challenges.

PA 5723 - Water Policy

(3 cr; Student Option; offered Every Spring)

Equivalent courses: WRS 5101 (starting 19-JAN-10)

Socio-cultural, legal, and economic forces that affect water resource use. Water quality, Clean Water Act contrasted with international laws, roles of State and Local agencies. Water supply, drought, flooding, drainage, irrigation, storage. Sulfide mining, Line 3, hypoxia, wildfire, climate, snowpack, extreme events, China south-to-north transfer, CEC?s, AIS, Aral Sea, CAFOs, and more.

PA 5724 - Climate Change Policy

(3 cr; Prereq-Intro microecon (such as Econ 1101 or equiv); Student Option; offered Every Fall)

Existing and proposed approaches to mitigate and adapt to climate change through policies that cross scales of governance (from local to global) and impact a wide range of sectors. Exploration of climate change policy from a variety of disciplinary approaches and perspectives, emphasizing economic logic, ethical principles, and institutional feasibility. How policy can be shaped in the face of a variety of competing interests to achieve commonly desired outcomes. Students develop a deep knowledge of climate change in particular countries through a team final project.

PA 5731 - Emerging Sciences and Technologies: Policy, Ethics and Law

(3 cr; Student Option; offered Periodic Fall & Spring)

This interdisciplinary course will examine issues at the nexus of public policy, ethics, law, and emerging sciences and technologies (ES&T) including nanotechnology, genetic and biomedical engineering, synthetic biology, and artificial intelligence. Topics we will explore include the role of science and technology as both a tool for and the subject of policy and law; the policy, ethical, economic, and legal implications of ES&T research and development; environmental and human health risk analysis and regulation (e.g., EPA, FDA, OSHA, and state and local regulatory mechanisms); intellectual property issues; liability issues; and global impacts. Topics will be approached from the perspective of different stakeholders (e.g., federal agencies, industry, academic researchers, the environment, international organizations, and the public) and in the context of different application areas (e.g., drugs, devices, food, agriculture, energy, environmental remediation) using a variety of interdisciplinary approaches. Students with a broad range of interests are encouraged to enroll.

PA 5741 - Risk, Resilience and Decision Making

(1.5 cr; Prereq-Grad student or instr consent; Student Option No Audit; offered Every Spring; may be repeated for 3 credits)

Interplay between risk analysis, decision making, and policy in the context of new and emerging technologies, environmental and human well-being, risk and resilience. Assessment methods; risk management processes, issues and methods; role/treatment of uncertainty; factors in decision making; risk-based rule making; public values; risk communication and perception. Scientific, technical, social, political, and ethical issues.

PA 5751 - Addressing Climate and Energy Challenges at the Local Scale

(3 cr; A-F or Audit; offered Every Spring)

Examine energy and climate innovations at local and community scales. Understand how to implement local policies, projects, and programs with a diverse set of perspectives on energy issues. Develop professional and analytical skills that support solutions to energy and climate challenges.

PA 5761 - Environmental Systems Analysis at the Food-Energy-Water Nexus

(3 cr; Student Option; offered Every Spring)

Agricultural lands, water resources, and energy production and transport are interconnected systems with implications for policy and management at local to global scales. This course will explore contemporary issues at the nexus of food, energy, and water with a focus on Midwestern landscapes. Specific topics include farm policy, permitting of pipelines and energy production, mitigation of air and water pollution, and strategies to incentivize the conservation and restoration of landscapes. Students will develop professional skills in systems thinking, scenario analysis, science communication, facilitation, and collective leadership.

PA 5771 - Change Leadership for Environmental, Social and Governance Action

(3 cr; Student Option No Audit; offered Every Fall)

Sustainability is increasingly being defined broadly to include the environmental, social and governance (ESG) actions, and effects of organizations. ESG concepts integrate environmental sustainability with diversity, equity, and inclusion. Individuals working within organizations or seeking to join those organizations have expressed desires to affect the actions of an organization. This course aims to give students hands-on experience with a project investigating, designing, advocating for and implementing an ESG improvement in an existing or new organization. We imagine students in this course as future intrapreneurs (an employee of an organization who creates new opportunities or products in the style of an entrepreneur) transforming practices in existing organizations or as entrepreneurs seeking to create new sustainable organizations, or both. Non-degree-seeking students possessing a bachelor's degree are encouraged to contact the instructor for permission to register.

PA 5772 - Fundamentals of Sustainability Science

(1 cr; Student Option No Audit; offered Every Spring)

This course is offered in conjunction with the certificate in Sustainable Environmental, Social, and Governance Leadership. Many students who are interested in contributing to sustainability activities in their organizations or communities may not have had the opportunity to learn basic concepts in sustainability science. This course provides the student with a grounding in the science of climate change, water, waste, and health that is relevant to the sustainability of organizations. Students will develop an understanding of greenhouse gas emissions and the carbon cycle, climate change and meteorological risk, water and human activity, waste, biodiversity, electrification and health risks and be able to apply them to sustainability challenges facing for profit, nonprofit, or governmental organizations.

PA 5790 - Topics in Science, Technology, and Environmental Policy (Topics course)

(1 cr [max 3]; Student Option; offered Periodic Fall & Spring; may be repeated for 9 credits; may be repeated 3 times)

Selected topics.

PA 5801 - Global Public Policy

(3 cr; Student Option; offered Every Spring)

This course explores the emergence and evolution of rules, norms, and institutions that constitute international relations. It will focus, in particular, on those related to questions of war, peace, and governance. For students with an interest in international security, foreign military intervention, democracy and governance promotion, and the political economy of aid.

PA 5805 - Global Economics

(3 cr; Student Option; offered Periodic Spring)

Global trade, exchange rates, finance, international business, and migration in the context of theories and evidence that inform the policies pursued at a national level. The operation of main international organizations dealing with these issues will also be examined.

PA 5813 - US Foreign Policy: Issues and Institutions

(3 cr; Student Option No Audit; offered Every Fall)

This course helps students develop a deep understanding of U.S. foreign policy issues and institutions, and the implications of U.S. global engagement. Through readings, class discussions, and guest lectures, we look at the institutions and processes involved in developing and managing US foreign policy, and use case studies to advance students' knowledge of bilateral and regional issues. We examine the workings of the State Department, the National Security Council, and the Department of Defense; how economic instruments like sanctions are used to advance policy; and how American citizens, lobbyists, and foreign governments influence policy. We incorporate discussions of current events into each class, with students developing skills in writing and presentation critical to foreign policy careers.

PA 5814 - Global Diplomacy in a Time of Change

(3 cr; Student Option No Audit; offered Every Spring)

Taught by the Humphrey School?s diplomat in residence, this course examines the changing world of twenty-first century global diplomacy and how state and nonstate actors are challenging the status quo. We look at the dynamics behind major international developments?with case studies including BREXIT, the Iran Agreement, climate negotiations, and China?s global initiatives?placed in the context of an examination of how states operate in the international diplomatic sphere and how multilateral organizations enhance or challenge the concept of state sovereignty. Students gain knowledge about the complexities of diplomacy and negotiation through readings, classroom discussions, and guest speakers and develop professional skills through writing and presentation assignments.

PA 5823 - Human Rights and Humanitarian Crises: Policy Challenges

(3 cr; Student Option No Audit; offered Periodic Fall & Spring)

Examines response of governments, international organizations, NGOs, and others to global humanitarian and human rights challenges posed by civil conflict and other complex emergencies in places such as Syria, Ukraine, South Sudan, Somalia, Burma, and elsewhere. Course will also consider and assess UN and other institutions established to address these issues (like UNOCHA and UNHCR). In addition, course will examine US policy toward humanitarian issues and refugees (including US refugee admissions).

PA 5825 - Crisis Management in Foreign Affairs

(1.5 cr; Student Option; offered Every Spring; may be repeated for 3 credits; may be repeated 2 times)

Crisis decision making in foreign policy. Examination of the organization and structure of crisis decision-making within U.S. national security apparatus. Analysis of in-depth four foreign policy crises (Cuban Missile Crisis, Vietnam?Tet, Iraq, and a current crisis). Crisis simulation with students in the role of national security leaders.

PA 5826 - National Security Policy

(3 cr; Student Option; offered Every Fall)

This course will analyze U.S. national security policy and process from the viewpoint of the National Security Council staff. Students will examine the organization and structure of the U.S. national security apparatus and the national security decision-making process, including individual and political factors; assess central threats to U.S. and international security and develop and discuss policy options to deal with those threats; undertake a major policy review on a specific national security challenge facing the United States, including analysis and recommendations; produce products, both written and oral, crucial to national security policy making (e.g., concise information and action memorandum), and put themselves in the position of national security leaders as part of a policy simulation. Grades will be based on oral participation, papers, and class reports.

PA 5827 - International Strategic Crisis Negotiation Exercise

(1 cr; Student Option No Audit; offered Every Fall; may be repeated for 4 credits; may be repeated 4 times)

The course will enable students to engage in a simulated multi-party negotiation of a complex, high stakes international crisis with multiple players, focused on a future or current international crisis. It provides students across all degree programs the opportunity to participate in a dynamic, actively managed exercise in which teams attempt to negotiate a solution to a fictional future crisis based on current global realities. Students will be divided into six or seven teams representing countries or non-state actors involved in the crisis. A subject-matter expert (such as a retired ambassador) will guide the negotiations playing the role of a UN envoy. Each team will be mentored by a retired diplomat, military officer ,or other experienced volunteer who will provide negotiating and strategic advice. A team from the Army War College, a leading institution in strategic exercises, will lead the exercise, providing structured input that gives students a realistic sense of how strategic actors must think and behave in crisis negotiation scenarios. Students are given course material in advance and meet with mentors to prepare for the exercise. A different international crisis is featured each year, and students are encouraged to participate more than once.

PA 5880 - Exploring Global Cities (Topics course)

(1 cr [max 3]; Student Option; offered Periodic Spring & Summer; may be repeated for 6 credits; may be repeated 2 times)

Study abroad offered in cities across globe. Opportunities to study policy/planning issues in varied contexts from comparative/inter-cultural perspective. Study/work with practitioners/peers in field. Tanzania odd years/Austria even years. Additional countries may be added in future.

PA 5885 - Human Rights Policy: Issues and Actors

(3 cr; Student Option; offered Every Fall)

Politics of human rights issue emergence; relevant international, regional, and domestic norms; correlates of state repression; measurement of human rights abuse and remedies; human rights promotion by states, political parties, international organizations, NGOs, social movements, faith-based organizations, and providers of international development assistance.

PA 5886 - Master of Human Rights Cohort Seminar I

(1 cr; Prereq-First-year MHR; S-N only; offered Every Fall)

The Master of Human Rights Cohort Seminar is a required course for all first-year MHR students. The course is intended to create a cohort group and ensure that all MHR students have an opportunity to work together to explore current issues related to human rights practice, focusing on emerging events or crises, and debates over policy, practice, or theory and for direct contact with and networking particularly with counterparts in the Global South. This course is in a series with, and taken before, PA 5887.

PA 5887 - Master of Human Rights Cohort Seminar II

(1 cr; S-N only; offered Every Spring)

The Master of Human Rights Cohort Seminar is a required course for all first-year MHR students. The course is intended to create a cohort group and ensure that all MHR students have an opportunity to work together to explore current issues related to human rights practice, focusing on emerging events or crises, and debates over policy, practice, or theory and for direct contact with and networking particularly with counterparts in the Global South. This course is in a series with, and taken after, PA 5886.

PA 5890 - Topics in Foreign Policy and International Affairs (Topics course)

(.5 cr [max 5]; Student Option; offered Periodic Fall & Spring; may be repeated for 15 credits; may be repeated 3 times)

Selected topics.

PA 5910 - Developing Your Public Service Career

(1 cr; S-N or Audit; offered Every Fall)

Students investigate/analyze interests, skills, and abilities and combine them in a career plan. Develop tools to demonstrate abilities, document experiences/knowledge, and explore public service career options.

PA 5911 - Humphrey School Summer Internship

(1 cr; S-N only; offered Every Summer)

This course is designed to guide students through their summer internship experiences with meaningful exercises in goal setting, networking, professional and identity development, and practical skill building. It is a requirement for students receiving funding through the Humphrey School's Office of Career and Student Success's Unpaid Internship Grants.

PA 5920 - Skills Workshop (Topics course)

(.5 cr [max 4]; Student Option; offered Every Fall & Spring; may be repeated for 48 credits; may be repeated 12 times)

Topics on public policy or planning skills. Topics specified in Class Schedule.

PA 5926 - Presentation Skills: How to Inspire Your Audience and Change the World

(1 cr; Student Option No Audit; offered Every Fall; may be repeated for 2 credits; may be repeated 2 times)

Learn techniques for making effective, persuasive presentations to different kinds of audiences. Practice is essential to improve speaking skills and reduce anxiety. Students practice by recording brief weekly presentations and making class presentations in a supportive environment. Techniques for using Powerpoint to create effective slides are practiced. Course components include presentation assignments; peer reviews; readings/videos and reflections; and class participation. May be repeated once.

PA 5927 - Effective Grantwriting for Nonprofit Organizations

(1.5 cr; Student Option No Audit; offered Every Spring)

Grantwriting skills, processes, problem,s and resources for nonprofit organizations. Researching and seeking grants. Communication with potential funders and generating financial support. Collaborating effectively with the organization and clients to create substantive, fundable proposals.

PA 5928 - Data Management and Visualization with R

(1.5 cr; Student Option; offered Every Fall)

Introduction to R Studio software. Use of R Studio to carry out R file and related database management functions. Tools and techniques for data analysis and statistical programming in quantitative research or related applied areas. Topics include data selection, data manipulation, and data and spatial visualization (including charts, plots, histograms, maps, and other graphs). Prerequisite knowledge: Introductory statistics; ability to create bar graphs, line graphs, and scatter plots in MS Excel; and familiarity with principles of data visualization.

PA 5929 - Data Visualization: Telling Stories with Numbers

(2 cr; Student Option; offered Every Fall & Spring)

Tools for communicating quantitative information in an intelligent, effective and persuasive way. Topics covered include 1) writing and speaking about data; 2) data management in Excel in order to prepare data for charting; 3) understanding and ability to deploy core concepts in of design, layout, typography and color to maximize the impact of their data visualizations 4) determining which types of statistical measures are most effective for each type of data and message; 5) determining which types of design to use for communicating quantitative information; and 6) designing graphs and tables that are intelligent and compelling for communicating quantitative information.

PA 5932 - Working with Data: Finding, Managing, and Using Data

(1.5 cr; Student Option; offered Every Spring)

Hands-on experience with common issues that arise when using secondary data sets. After successful completion of the course, students should be able to: 1. Determine where to find data and information about data (metadata) for policy-related topics. 2. Repurpose, manipulate, and/or clean data collected by someone else or for a different purpose in order to answer questions. 3. Determine appropriate units of analysis, weights, data structure, and variables of interest in order to answer policy-related questions. 4. Document workflow to allow reproducibility and protect the confidentiality of the data. 5. Conduct basic data manipulation tasks (making tables) using existing software including Excel and Stata. 6. Learn how to find answers for questions through online support. This course will focus on Excel and Stata equally. Previous experience in Stata is preferred, but the course will include a brief introduction to relevant skills.

PA 5933 - Survey Methods: Designing Effective Questionnaires

(2 cr; A-F only; offered Periodic Fall & Spring)

Applied (hands-on) introduction to survey questionnaire design. Student teams design a questionnaire for a client. For example, students may draft and revise questions about respondents' demographics and employment; life histories; knowledge, use, and opinions about services; and/or anxiety and well-being. The syllabus evolves depending on the needs of the client and the class' decisions about how to build the survey; a complete syllabus will not be available at the beginning of class for this reason. Readings include a textbook and articles related to the client's survey. Students actively engage in class and in groups about draft questions, thus learning how to improve them, with regular feedback from the instructor. Questions are tested on volunteers. Students learn: the process of questionnaire design in a team; pitfalls of survey design; and how to track questions, coded responses, and prompts for interviewers. This class is not a substitute for a comprehensive survey research class or a statistical course on sampling and weighting. Students will learn: - The process of questionnaire design in a team - Basic pitfalls of survey design ? names, definitions, examples. - How to use Excel to track questions, coded responses, and prompts for interviewers - How to use interviewing software SurveyToGo This class is not a substitute for a comprehensive survey research class or a statistical course on sampling and weighting.

PA 5934 - HPAR - Humphrey Public Affairs Review Board Seminar

(1.5 cr; S-N only; offered Every Fall; may be repeated for 3 credits; may be repeated 2 times)

This course provides a seminar context for the work of members of the editorial board for the Humphrey Public Affairs Review (HPAR). It meets seven times over the course of Fall semester to provide logistical and technical guidance for the Board as it produces the online journal. Students engage in the various activities required to publish the journal. In the beginning of the semester, students conduct outreach to solicit submissions and discuss the selection criteria for submissions. They work closely with the conventions of APA style and citations, while developing their copyediting abilities. Central to journal production is engaging with the peer-review process, through providing feedback to authors and discussing critiques with editing teams. Finally, students submit their own pieces of writing to the journal for publication. As a result, students participate in peer-review as both an editor and an author.

PA 5962 - State Governing and Legislating: Working the Process

(3 cr; A-F or Audit; offered Every Spring)

The Minnesota Capitol and rules and reality of state governance and legislating. Classroom discussions, high-profile guest speakers (including legislators, lobbyists, and potentially the governor), and an extensive State Capitol practicum to explore state politics and policies.

PA 5963 - Tribal-State Relations Workshop

(.5 cr; S-N only; offered Every Fall)

The State of Minnesota occupies and shares geography with many sovereign Indian nations. Tribal jurisdiction impacts thousands of acres of land in Minnesota both within and beyond reservation boundaries, and tribes are among the top 20 employers in the state. While tribes share prominent nation-to-nation diplomatic relationships with the U.S. federal government, tribal relationships with state agencies are increasingly significant. Since the administration of Governor Jesse Ventura, each Minnesota governor has implemented an executive order focused on state relations with Indian nations. In 2021, the body of policy associated with those executive orders was passed into law and codified in a state statute providing a considerable mandate for state agencies to develop and implement tribal consultation policies and to build associated partnerships. This class introduces participants to the legal and policy contexts in which contemporary tribal-state relations occur. We will explore the shifting history of federal Indian policy, the often-contentious past of tribal-state interactions, current emphases on building government-to-government relationships, and potential future trends. Participants will engage with elected tribal leaders and with the Tribal-State Relations Training program delivered to state employees through a partnership between the Minnesota Indian Affairs Council, MnDOT, and the University of Minnesota Duluth Tribal Sovereignty Institute. Students will consider how their own civic and professional trajectories may connect to Indian nations, and collaboratively draw conceptual and practical links between tribal affairs and other areas of study.

PA 5971 - Survey of Election Administration

(3 cr; Student Option No Audit; offered Every Fall & Spring)

Survey of building blocks of election administration, from voter registration to recounts.

PA 5972 - Elections and the Law

(2 cr; Student Option No Audit; offered Periodic Fall & Spring; may be repeated for 3 credits)

Equivalent courses: PA 3972 (starting 21-JAN-20)

Theories and basic structure of the American legal system. Experience with basic tools and skills for using the law to understand and analyze issues facing election administrators across the nation. Use of election-related and non-election related materials to prepare election administrators for interacting with counsel, legislators and the courts in carrying out their responsibilities.

PA 5973 - Strategic Management of Election Administration

(2 cr; Student Option No Audit; offered Every Fall)

Strategic management for election administrators in the political environment. Election official tools and challenges. The role of the lawmaking process in budgeting and organizational planning.

PA 5975 - Election Design

(2 cr; Student Option No Audit; offered Every Spring)

Election administration design principles, including ballot and polling place design and poll worker training materials. Application of principles of field.

PA 5976 - Voter Participation

(1 cr; Student Option No Audit; offered Periodic Fall & Spring)

Voter participation issues and challenges including historical survey of voter participation in US and methods to increase voter turnout.

PA 5982 - Data Analysis for Election Administration

(2 cr; Student Option No Audit; offered Periodic Fall & Spring)

Equivalent courses: PA 3982 (starting 16-JAN-18)

Evidence-based election administration. Collection and analysis of quantitative data to solve problems and identify opportunities for improvement. Emphasis on pre-election forecasting for planning purposes and post-election auditing of election results.

PA 5983 - Introduction to Election Security

(1 cr; Student Option No Audit; offered Every Fall)

Equivalent courses: PA 3983

This course will examine the history of cyberattacks on the United States and the American election system, with special attention to the 2016 election cycle. Students will explore the types of cybersecurity threats that exist and strategies to protect against them; understand the roles different levels of government can play in the process, and hear from key officials about the issues raised by the official response to election security threats at the federal, state and local levels as well as in related private sector communities.

PA 5984 - Elections Security: How to Protect America?s Elections

(2 cr; A-F or Audit; offered Every Spring)

?Elections Security? uses the Russian efforts to influence the 2016 election as a case study to identify the vulnerabilities of US elections (especially state voter registration databases) as well as catalogue new protections. Readings and discussion will focus on best practices and technology options available to the public (social media) and elections professionals (cybersecurity) in guarding against future influence efforts and assuring public confidence in election outcomes. Special focus will be given to describing how local election officials can protect their election technology, most notably those vulnerabilities associated with their voting system and voter registration database. ?Elections Security? will draw heavily on concrete cases and challenges facing election professionals, using government and independent reports and an indepth analysis of new resources created by the US Department of Homeland Security and its collaborations with election professionals.

PA 5985 - Physical Election Security

(2 cr; Student Option No Audit; offered Periodic Spring & Summer)

U.S. Homeland Security designated election security as a ?critical infrastructure? after threats from foreign governments, and collaborates with states in detecting and responding to foreign interference. This course will provide students with a deeper understanding of the current security context and best practices and processes for physically safeguarding elections based on 2016 and 2020. Students will learn the difference between physical and cyber threats to U.S. systems; tangible steps to protect election offices and their equipment; the use of audits to ensure the accuracy of elections; the integration of security into vendor relationships; and the connection between physical election security and citizen trust in elections. Content will be explored through readings (including government documents and studies), videos, discussions, and writing assignments.

PA 5990 - Topics: Public Affairs - General Topics (Topics course)

(0 cr [max 3]; Student Option; offered Periodic Fall & Spring; may be repeated for 18 credits; may be repeated 6 times)

General topics in public policy.

PA 5993 - Directed Study in Public Affairs

(1 cr [max 3]; Student Option; offered Periodic Fall, Spring & Summer; may be repeated for 3 credits; may be repeated 3 times)

Self-directed study, with faculty advice.

PA 8003 - Integrative Doctoral Seminar in Public Affairs I

(3 cr; Prereq-Public Affairs doctoral student; A-F only; offered Every Fall; may be repeated for 6 credits)

Lays foundation for doctoral-level study of public affairs through introduction of key concepts, literature, research questions of public affairs. Critically examines paradigms/methodologies through readings, discussions, writing assignments, research presentations. Facilitates development of dissertation research ideas.

PA 8004 - Integrative Doctoral Seminar in Public Affairs II

(3 cr; Prereq-Public Affairs doctoral student; A-F only; offered Every Spring)

Continues PA 8003. Lays foundation for doctoral-level study of public affairs through introduction of key concepts, literature, research questions of public affairs. Critically examines paradigms/methodologies through readings, discussions, writing assignments, research presentations. Facilitates development of dissertation research ideas.

PA 8005 - Doctoral Research Seminar in Public Affairs

(3 cr; Prereq-Public Affairs doctoral student; A-F only; offered Every Spring)

Conduct of research, including ethics. Students develop and refine their research ideas. Facilitates development of dissertation research prospectus.

PA 8006 - Current Research in Public Affairs: Topics, Approaches, and Cultures

(1.5 cr; S-N only; offered Every Fall & Spring; may be repeated for 3 credits; may be repeated 2 times)

Students participate in research seminars exploring current topics, approaches, and cultures in public affairs. Students responsible for discussion, presentation, and evaluation of research, including peer review of papers and presentations. Discussion of research ethics and skills, including literature reviews, research design, data visualization, public engagement, presentation, and project management.

PA 8081 - Capstone Workshop (Topics course)

(3 cr; Prereq-completion of core courses or instr consent; A-F only; offered Every Spring & Summer; may be repeated for 6 credits; may be repeated 2 times)

Project for external client on issue agreed upon by student, client, and instructor. Students apply interdisciplinary methods, approaches, and perspectives from core courses. Written report with analysis and policy recommendations. Oral presentation. Topics vary by term.

PA 8082 - Professional Paper-Writing Seminar

(3 cr; Prereq-completion of core courses, or instr consent ; A-F or Audit; offered Every Spring)

Facilitates completion of research paper on current issues in public policy, management, and science, technology and environment. Students apply interdisciplinary methods, approaches, and perspectives studied in core courses. Written report includes analysis of issue, policy recommendations. All topics accepted. Plan A students welcome.

PA 8151 - Organizational Perspectives on Global Development & Humanitarian Assistance

(3 cr; A-F only; offered Every Fall)

Organizational analysis of international development and humanitarian assistance, including perspectives from sociology, political science, psychology, public administration, and management. Examines efforts of multiple organizational players, including NGOs, governments, bi-lateral and multi-lateral organizations, corporations, foundations, and international organizations. Critical analysis of aid organizations, especially regarding ways in which they reflect and create power and privilege, the manner in which individuals' needs and desires interact with, support, or challenge the needs of the organization, and how all of this is influenced by forces outside the boundary of the organization. Students increase analytical capabilities in understanding international aid organizations in the context of multiple (and often contested) perspectives on global development and stakeholder demands. Class time involves class discussions, mini-lectures, simulations, and case analyses. Main graded work is a research prospectus or longer research paper.

PA 8190 - Advanced Topics in Public and Nonprofit Leadership and Management (Topics course)

(1 cr [max 3]; Student Option; offered Periodic Fall & Spring; may be repeated for 6 credits; may be repeated 2 times)

Selected topics.

PA 8206 - Planning Theory

(3 cr; Prereq-Public Affairs Ph.D. student, urban planning subplan; A-F only; offered Periodic Spring)

An overview of the major theories that have shaped the field of urban and regional planning, including the analysis of theories related to the process and substance of urban planning.

PA 8290 - Advanced Topics in Planning (Topics course)

(1 cr [max 3]; Student Option; offered Periodic Fall & Spring; may be repeated for 6 credits; may be repeated 2 times)

Selected topics.

PA 8302 - Applied Policy Analysis

(4 cr; Prereq-Intermediate microeconomics, introduction to econometrics; Student Option; offered Periodic Fall & Spring)

Design/evaluation of public policies. Emphasizes market/non-market contexts. Microeconomics and welfare economics of policy analysis. Econometric tools for measurement of policy outcomes. Applications to policy problems.

PA 8312 - Analysis of Discrimination

(4 cr; Student Option; offered Periodic Fall & Spring)

Policy analysis/other applied social sciences as tools for measuring/detecting discrimination in market/nonmarket contexts. Application of modern tools of labor econometrics/race relations research to specific problems of market/nonmarket discrimination.

PA 8331 - Economic Demography

(3 cr; Prereq-Grad-level economic theory (PA 5021 or equiv) and econometrics (PA 5033 or equiv) and instructor permission; A-F or Audit; offered Periodic Spring)

Classical theory, advanced econometric methods, recent empirical work, and available datasets for research in economic demography. Topics include the economics of mortality, fertility, migration, marriage, women's labor supply, intra-family bargaining, and age structure. Students develop critical analysis and academic discourse skills through in-depth discussions and replications of papers, presentations, referee-style writing assignments, and a term paper.

PA 8333 - FTE: Master's

(1 cr; Prereq-Master's student, adviser and DGS consent; No Grade Associated; offered Every Fall, Spring & Summer; 6 academic progress units; 6 financial aid progress units)

(No description)

PA 8390 - Advanced Topics in Advanced Policy Analysis Methods (Topics course)

(1 cr [max 3]; Student Option; offered Periodic Fall & Spring; may be repeated for 6 credits; may be repeated 2 times)

Selected topics.

PA 8444 - FTE: Doctoral

(1 cr; Prereq-Doctoral student, adviser and DGS consent; No Grade Associated; offered Every Fall, Spring & Summer; 6 academic progress units; 6 financial aid progress units)

FTE: Doctoral

PA 8461 - Global and U.S. Perspectives on Health and Mortality

(3 cr; Student Option; offered Periodic Fall)

The health of populations in developing and developed countries is very different. Within countries, great health disparities exist between more advantaged and more disadvantaged populations. When crafting policies that aim to improve population health, it is crucial to know how to measure health and how to think about the health needs of the specific population in question. This course will provide an overview to the factors driving health, mortality, and aging across different populations. In addition, students will learn the best sources of data and measures to use to describe the health status of a population. They will also be able to assess policy options that address the health of their population.

PA 8490 - Advanced Topics in Social Policy (Topics course)

(1 cr [max 3]; Student Option; offered Periodic Fall & Spring; may be repeated for 6 credits; may be repeated 2 times)

Selected topics.

PA 8590 - Advanced Topics in Economic and Community Development (Topics course)

(1 cr [max 3]; Student Option; offered Periodic Fall & Spring; may be repeated for 6 credits; may be repeated 2 times)

Selected topics.

PA 8601 - Global Survey of Gender and Public Policy

(3 cr; A-F only; offered Every Fall)

Graduate level introduction to the key theoretical concepts and tools necessary for gender policy analysis. Survey of the major findings in the field of gender and public policy in policy areas such as poverty alleviation, health, international security, environment and work-family reconciliation. Scope includes local, national, and global policy arenas as well as exploration of gender and the politics of policy formulation.

PA 8662 - Gender & Social Policy in Europe & the Americas

(3 cr; A-F or Audit; offered Spring Even Year)

The variety of approaches to social welfare policies around the globe ? from pensions to poverty relief to parental leave ? offer many lessons not only for how to address basic needs, but also for building more gender- and race- equitable societies. This course provides conceptual and historical grounding for understanding the origins and impacts of social welfare policies, and how these policies serve as crucial arbiters of gender, race and class relations. The course compares historical and contemporary social policy regimes and their impacts on individuals and societies in Europe and the Americas. The course centers on four questions: 1) How are social policies ?gendered?, ?raced? and ?classed?? The course readings and discussions consider multiple feminist perspectives and approaches which show how social policies are based on specific assumptions about gender and its intersections with race, class, and immigrant status, and in turn create or reinforce a particular social order. 2) Why do social policies in different countries look so different? The course traces the historical development of specific social welfare regimes with attention to interactions between states, political parties, unions, firms, and social movements. Understanding the historical political determinants of current policies can provide clues to appropriate strategies for change. 3) What lessons can we glean from other countries to promote equity across gender and other forms of inequality? The course dives into research that measures the impact of specific social policies on equity and considers the appropriateness and transferability of policy ideas across borders. 4) What are the contemporary challenges to social welfare systems and their ability to promote gender equity? The course considers a variety of such challenges such as stagnating birth rates that threaten the economic solvency of social policy systems; the pressures of refugees and mass migration; and how the global COVID-19 pa

PA 8666 - Doctoral Pre-Thesis Credits

(1 cr [max 6]; Prereq-Doctoral student who has not passed prelim oral; no required consent for 1st/2nd registrations, up to 12 combined cr; dept consent for 3rd/4th registrations, up to 24 combined cr.; No Grade Associated; offered Every Fall, Spring & Summer; may be repeated for 12 credits; may be repeated 2 times)

Doctoral Pre-Thesis Credits

PA 8683 - Gender, Race and Political Representation

(3 cr; A-F only; offered Periodic Spring)

Explores intersection of gender, race and political issues to identify best practices for strengthening roles of under-represented groups in governance. Individual, structural and institutional factors attributed to increasing the election and appointment of under-represented groups. Theories of citizen representation. Global approach with cross-national evidence and comparative country studies.

PA 8690 - Advanced Topics in Women, Gender and Public Policy (Topics course)

(1 cr [max 3]; Student Option; offered Periodic Fall & Spring; may be repeated for 6 credits; may be repeated 2 times)

Selected topics.

PA 8777 - Thesis Credits: Master's

(1 cr [max 18]; Prereq-Max 18 cr per semester or summer; 10 cr total required [Plan A only]; No Grade Associated; offered Every Fall, Spring & Summer; may be repeated for 50 credits; may be repeated 10 times)

(No description)

PA 8790 - Advanced Topics in Science, Technology, and Environmental Policy (Topics course)

(1 cr [max 3]; Student Option; offered Periodic Fall & Spring; may be repeated for 6 credits; may be repeated 2 times)

Selected topics.

PA 8888 - Thesis Credit: Doctoral

(1 cr [max 24]; Prereq-[Max 18 cr per semester or summer], 24 cr required; No Grade Associated; offered Every Fall, Spring & Summer; may be repeated for 100 credits; may be repeated 10 times)

Doctoral thesis credit.

PA 8890 - Advanced Topics in Foreign Policy and International Affairs (Topics course)

(1 cr [max 3]; Student Option; offered Periodic Fall & Spring; may be repeated for 6 credits; may be repeated 2 times)

Selected topics.

PA 8921 - Master's: Professional Paper (Individual Option)

(1 cr [max 3]; Prereq-instr consent; A-F only; offered Every Fall, Spring & Summer; may be repeated for 3 credits; may be repeated 3 times)

Students work under guidance of paper adviser and committee members to complete their Professional Paper (individual option).

PA 8991 - Independent Study

(.5 cr [max 4]; Student Option; offered Every Fall, Spring & Summer; may be repeated for 6 credits; may be repeated 6 times)

Independent study. Limit of 6 credits applied toward a Humphrey School of Public Affairs degree or post-baccalaureate certificate program.

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